OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that PWE have an increased risk to acquire COVID-19. This was a historical cohort study to determine COVID-19 incidence, severity, mortality and risk factors in adults with active epilepsy (PWE) compared to residents of Moscow without epilepsy matched by age, gender, and region of residence - Moscow Community Comparisons (MCC). METHODS Subjects were derived from a cohort of adult PWE and a cohort of age- and gender-matched population-based MCC without epilepsy identified in 2018. Incidence of COVID-19 was compared in each cohort from 01.03.2020 through 28.02.21. Influence of age, gender, comorbidities, and for the PWE cohort, epilepsy type, seizure frequency, and number/class of antiseizure medications was evaluated using Pearson's chi-squared test and logistic regression analysis. RESULTS We found 887 COVID-19 positive people in the two cohorts: 156 in PWE (51.8 ± 19.7 years) and 731 in MCC (52.0 ± 17.3 years,). COVID-19 incidence was lower in PWE: 13.8 % versus 18.7 % in MCC (p = 0.0002). In PWE no specific epilepsy related variables influenced incidence. Despite no difference in severity distribution in PWE versus MCC, hospitalization rate (37.6 % versus 25.5 %, p = 0.002), disease duration (57.1 % versus 47.1, p = 0.023), and mortality (10.9% versus 4.2 %, p = 0.0009) were significantly higher in PWE. Age and number of comorbidities significantly influenced COVID-19 incidence, severity, duration, and outcomes in both cohorts. SIGNIFICANCE Incidence of COVID-19 in PWE in Moscow was significantly lower compared to MCC. Age and comorbidities were strongly associated with severity, duration and outcomes of COVID-19 for all infected persons. Higher mortality in PWE may be explained by a higher number of comorbidities.

中文翻译：

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莫斯科年龄和性别匹配的患有和不患有癫痫的成年人中 COVID-19 的发病率、严重程度和结果：一项历史队列研究。

目标 我们假设 PWE 感染 COVID-19 的风险增加。这是一项历史队列研究，旨在确定患有活动性癫痫 (PWE) 的成年人与年龄、性别和居住地区相匹配的莫斯科无癫痫居民的 COVID-19 发病率、严重程度、死亡率和危险因素 - 莫斯科社区比较 (MCC) ）。方法 受试者来自 2018 年确定的成人 PWE 队列和年龄和性别匹配的无癫痫人群 MCC 队列。比较了 2020 年 3 月 1 日至 2021 年 2 月 28 日每个队列中的 COVID-19 发病率。使用 Pearson 卡方检验和逻辑回归分析评估年龄、性别、合并症以及 PWE 队列、癫痫类型、癫痫发作频率和抗癫痫药物数量/类别的影响。结果 我们在两个队列中发现了 887 名 COVID-19 阳性患者：PWE 中有 156 名（51.8 ± 19.7 岁），MCC 中有 731 名（52.0 ± 17.3 岁）。PWE 中的 COVID-19 发病率较低：MCC 中为 13.8%，而 MCC 中为 18.7%（p = 0.0002）。在 PWE 中，没有特定的癫痫相关变量影响发病率。尽管 PWE 与 MCC 的严重程度分布没有差异，但住院率（37.6 % 与 25.5 %，p = 0.002）、疾病持续时间（57.1 % 与 47.1，p = 0.023）和死亡率（10.9% 与 4.2 %，p = 0.0009）没有差异。 ）的 PWE 显着更高。年龄和合并症数量显着影响两个队列中的 COVID-19 发病率、严重程度、持续时间和结果。意义 莫斯科 PWE 中的 COVID-19 发病率明显低于 MCC。对于所有感染者来说，年龄和合并症与 COVID-19 的严重程度、持续时间和结果密切相关。PWE 死亡率较高可能是由于合并症较多。