Established by the descendants of those impacted by the 1922–23 forced migration/population exchange in Greece and Turkey, refugee and exchangee associations have become increasingly visible in both countries in recent decades. However, these associations have been the subject of surprisingly few studies from the perspectives of civil society and identity. Through a comparative examination backed up by fieldwork, this article suggests a reconsideration of the associations as dynamic and fluid units in dialogue with the past, present, and future. Furthermore, it argues that despite the similarity of the mechanisms through which refugee and exchangee identities were institutionalized and nationalized, they actually play different roles in Greek and Turkish civil society and should not be viewed as organizations with similar structures and experiences or as exact counterparts to one another. Their motivations, positions, and aspirations differ, as do the effects they have on the formation of refugee and exchangee identities.

难民和交换者协会由受 1922-23 年希腊和土耳其强迫移民/人口交换影响的人们的后裔建立，近几十年来在这两个国家变得越来越明显。然而，令人惊讶的是，从公民社会和身份的角度对这些协会进行的研究却很少。通过实地调查支持的比较研究，本文建议重新考虑这些协会作为与过去、现在和未来对话的动态和流动的单位。此外，它认为，尽管难民和交换者身份制度化和国家化的机制相似，但它们实际上在希腊和土耳其民间社会中发挥着不同的作用，不应被视为具有相似结构和经验的组织，也不应被视为与希腊和土耳其公民社会完全相同的组织。另一个。他们的动机、立场和愿望不同，对难民和交换者身份形成的影响也不同。