Two-dimensional (2D) layered materials can stack into new material systems, with van der Waals (vdW) interaction between the adjacent constituent layers. This stacking process of 2D atomic layers creates a new degree of freedom—interlayer interface between two adjacent layers—that can be independently studied and tuned from the intralayer degree of freedom. In such heterostructures (HSs), the physical properties are largely determined by the vdW interaction between the individual layers, i.e. interlayer coupling, which can be effectively tuned by a number of means. In this review, we summarize and discuss a number of such approaches, including stacking order, electric field, intercalation, and pressure, with both their experimental demonstrations and theoretical predictions. A comprehensive overview of the modulation on structural, optical, electrical, and magnetic properties by these four approaches are also presented. We conclude this review by discussing several prospective research directions in 2D HSs field, including fundamental physics study, property tuning techniques, and future applications.

中文翻译：

---

调节和利用二维范德华异质结构中的层间耦合


二维 (2D) 层状材料可以堆叠成新的材料系统，相邻组成层之间存在范德华 (vdW) 相互作用。二维原子层的堆叠过程创建了一个新的自由度——两个相邻层之间的层间界面——可以从层内自由度独立研究和调整。在此类异质结构 (HS) 中，物理特性很大程度上取决于各层之间的 vdW 相互作用，即层间耦合，可以通过多种方式有效调节。在这篇综述中，我们总结并讨论了许多此类方法，包括堆叠顺序、电场、插层和压力，以及它们的实验演示和理论预测。还全面概述了这四种方法对结构、光学、电学和磁学特性的调制。我们通过讨论 2D HS 领域的几个前瞻性研究方向来结束这篇综述，包括基础物理研究、性能调整技术和未来应用。