The Judgment of Line Orientation (JLO) Test of Benton assesses visuospatial processing without requiring motor skills. The test is frequently used in geriatric or brain-injured populations. As with other cognitive tests, performance on the JLO test may vary according to age, level of education, sex, and cultural background of individuals. The present study aimed to establish normative data for a short (15 items) and a long (30 items) form of the JLO. The sample for the short and long forms comprised 198 and 260 individuals, respectively, aged 50-89 years. All participants were French-speaking people from the province of Quebec, Canada. Using regression-based norming, the effects of age, years of formal education, and sex on JLO performance were estimated. The normative adjustment of the JLO short and long forms considered the weight of each predictor on test performance. Results indicated that JLO performance was positively associated with years of formal education and male sex, whereas it was negatively associated with age. Accordingly, normative data were generated using Z-scores and adjusted scaled scores derived from the regression equations. To conclude, the present norms will ease the detection of visuospatial impairment in French-Quebec middle-aged and older adults.

中文翻译：

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魁北克-法国 50 至 89 岁人群线方向测试（长形式和短形式）判断的规范数据。

Benton 的线方向判断 (JLO) 测试可评估视觉空间处理，无需运动技能。该测试经常用于老年人或脑损伤人群。与其他认知测试一样，JLO 测试的表现可能会根据个人的年龄、教育水平、性别和文化背景而有所不同。本研究旨在建立 JLO 的短形式（15 项）和长形式（30 项）的规范数据。短表和长表的样本分别包括 198 名和 260 名年龄在 50-89 岁之间的人。所有参与者都是来自加拿大魁北克省的法语人士。使用基于回归的标准化，估计了年龄、正规教育年限和性别对 JLO 绩效的影响。JLO 短形式和长形式的规范调整考虑了每个预测变量对测试表现的权重。结果表明，JLO 表现与正规教育年限和男性性别呈正相关，而与年龄呈负相关。因此，使用 Z 分数和从回归方程导出的调整后的比例分数生成规范数据。总之，现行规范将简化法国魁北克中年人和老年人视觉空间障碍的检测。