AIM To systematically review the effectiveness of caregiver and parent skills training programs, including caregiver-mediated interventions, for caregivers of individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders. METHOD We conducted a systematic review with a random-effects meta-analysis. We searched 11 electronic databases through July 2021 and used a snowball methodology to locate relevant articles of randomized controlled trials. Effect size estimates were pooled using Hedges' g from data extracted from study reports and through author requests using random-effects meta-analyses for three child outcome categories (child development, adaptive behavior, and problem behavior) and three caregiver outcome categories (parenting skills and knowledge, psychological well-being, and interpersonal family relations). RESULTS We located 44 910 records, from which 75 randomized controlled trials involving 4746 individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders and their caregivers were included. Random-effects meta-analyses showed improvements in child development (g = 0.30; 99% confidence interval [CI] = 0.07-0.53) and reduction in reported problem behaviors (g = 0.41; 99% CI = 0.24-0.59), but not a statistically significant improvement in adaptive behavior (g = 0.28; 99% CI = -0.42 to 0.98). Caregivers showed improvements in parenting skills and knowledge (g = 0.72; 99% CI = 0.53-0.90), psychological well-being (g = 0.52; 99% CI = 0.34-0.71), and interpersonal family relations (g = 0.76; 99% CI = 0.32-1.20). INTERPRETATION Caregiver skills training programs benefit both caregivers and children with neurodevelopmental disorders. Skills training programs improve child development and behavior, improve parenting skills, reduce caregiver mental health issues, and improve family functioning. Programs using culturally appropriate training material to improve the development, functioning, and participation of children within families and communities should be considered when caring for children with neurodevelopmental disorders.

中文翻译：

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针对神经发育障碍患者的护理人员的护理技能培训：系统评价和荟萃分析。

目的 系统评价针对患有神经发育障碍的个体的护理人员的护理人员和家长技能培训计划（包括护理人员介导的干预措施）的有效性。方法 我们通过随机效应荟萃分析进行了系统评价。我们检索了截至 2021 年 7 月的 11 个电子数据库，并使用滚雪球法来查找随机对照试验的相关文章。使用 Hedges' g 从研究报告中提取的数据以及作者的要求，对三个儿童结果类别（儿童发展、适应性行为和问题行为）和三个照顾者结果类别（养育技能）进行随机效应荟萃分析，汇总效应大小估计值以及知识、心理健康和人际关系）。结果 我们找到了 44910 条记录，其中包括 75 项随机对照试验，涉及 4746 名神经发育障碍患者及其照顾者。随机效应荟萃分析显示儿童发育有所改善（g = 0.30；99% 置信区间 [CI] = 0.07-0.53），报告的问题行为有所减少（g = 0.41；99% CI = 0.24-0.59），但并非如此适应性行为有统计显着性改善（g = 0.28；99% CI = -0.42 至 0.98）。照顾者在养育技能和知识（g = 0.72；99% CI = 0.53-0.90）、心理健康（g = 0.52；99% CI = 0.34-0.71）和人际关系（g = 0.76；99）方面表现出改善。 % CI = 0.32-1.20）。解释 护理人员技能培训计划对护理人员和患有神经发育障碍的儿童都有好处。技能培训计划可改善儿童的发展和行为，提高养育技能，减少看护者的心理健康问题，并改善家庭功能。在照顾患有神经发育障碍的儿童时，应考虑使用适合文化的培训材料来改善儿童在家庭和社区中的发展、功能和参与的计划。