Silicon nanoparticles have emerged as pivotal components in nanoscience and nanoengineering due to their inherent characteristics such as high energy capacity and outstanding optical properties. Numerous fabrication and characterization techniques have been researched so far, while a range of applications utilizing them have been developed. In this review, we aim to provide a brief overview of the distinct and representative fabrication methods of silicon nanoparticles, including top-down, bottom-up, and reduction approaches. Then, we look into various characterization techniques essential for assessing and ensuring quality and performance of fabricated silicon nanoparticles. In addition, we provide insights for silicon nanoparticle technology towards further advancements.

中文翻译：

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硅纳米粒子：制造、表征、应用和前景

硅纳米颗粒由于其高能量容量和出色的光学特性等固有特性，已成为纳米科学和纳米工程的关键组成部分。迄今为止，人们已经研究了许多制造和表征技术，同时也开发了一系列利用它们的应用。在这篇综述中，我们的目的是简要概述硅纳米粒子的独特且有代表性的制造方法，包括自上而下、自下而上和还原方法。然后，我们研究了评估和确保制造的硅纳米颗粒的质量和性能所必需的各种表征技术。此外，我们还为硅纳米粒子技术的进一步发展提供见解。