Ambulatory research – such as daily-diary or experience sampling studies – captures experiences as they naturally occur in people's daily lives. It shows that older adults' daily affective experiences, on average, are more positive and more stable, compared to younger age groups. Recent advances in ambulatory research contribute a more refined understanding beyond the valence dimension, demonstrating that the arousal of affective experiences matters as well, and that discrete emotions, such as sadness, may be differently prevalent and adaptive in different phases of adulthood. Another recent contribution is evidence that cross-sectional adult age differences in daily affect may not map onto within-person change over time. While longitudinal improvement in daily affect is observed across young and into early middle adulthood, stability and decline in affective well-being are typical throughout late middle and older adulthood, respectively. Likewise, empirical support for the claim that emotion regulation is a prime reason for age differences in daily affect remains mixed. Older as compared to younger adults are indeed more motivated to feel better, and more confident that their affect-regulation is successful. However, there is no consistent support that older adults' daily affect-regulation strategies, effectiveness, or flexibility differ from younger age groups.

中文翻译：

---

成年期和老年期间的日常影响：动态研究的最新进展

流动研究——例如日记或经验抽样研究——捕捉人们日常生活中自然发生的经验。研究表明，与年轻群体相比，老年人的日常情感体验平均更积极、更稳定。动态研究的最新进展有助于对效价维度之外的更精细的理解，表明情感体验的唤起也很重要，并且离散情绪（例如悲伤）在成年的不同阶段可能有不同的普遍性和适应性。最近的另一个贡献是证据表明，日常情感中的横截面成年人年龄差异可能不会随着时间的推移而映射到人内的变化。虽然在年轻人和中年早期观察到日常情感的纵向改善，但在中后期和老年，情感幸福感的稳定和下降分别是典型的。同样，对于情绪调节是日常情感中年龄差异的主要原因这一说法的实证支持仍然好坏参半。与年轻人相比，老年人确实更有动力去感觉更好，并且对自己的情感调节成功更有信心。然而，没有一致的证据表明老年人的日常情绪调节策略、有效性或灵活性与年轻人不同。