The inflammasomes play crucial roles in inflammation and cancer development, while the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway is critical for immune suppression in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Recent research indicates a reciprocal regulatory relationship between inflammasomes and PD-1/PD-L1 signaling in cancer development and PD-1 blockade treatment. By activating in diverse cells in tumor tissues, inflammasome upregulates PD-L1 level in the TME. Moreover, the regulation of PD-1/PD-L1 activity by inflammasome activation involves natural killer (NK) cells, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Conversely, PD-1 blockade can activate the inflammasome, potentially influencing treatment outcomes. The interplay between inflammasomes and PD-1/PD-L1 has profound and intricate effects on cancer development and treatment. In this review, we discuss the crosstalk between inflammasomes and PD-1/PD-L1 in cancers, exploring their implications for tumorigenesis, metastasis and ICI resistance. The combined therapeutic strategies targeting both inflammasomes and checkpoint molecules hold promising potential as treatments for cancer.

中文翻译：

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炎症小体和 PD-1/PD-L1 之间的相互作用及其在癌症免疫治疗中的意义。

炎症小体在炎症和癌症发展中发挥着至关重要的作用，而 PD-1/PD-L1 通路对于肿瘤微环境 (TME) 中的免疫抑制至关重要。最近的研究表明，炎症小体和 PD-1/PD-L1 信号传导在癌症发展和 PD-1 阻断治疗中存在相互调节关系。通过激活肿瘤组织中的多种细胞，炎症小体上调 TME 中的 PD-L1 水平。此外，炎症小体激活对 PD-1/PD-L1 活性的调节涉及自然杀伤 (NK) 细胞、肿瘤相关巨噬细胞 (TAM) 和骨髓源性抑制细胞 (MDSC)。相反，PD-1 阻断可以激活炎症小体，可能影响治疗结果。炎症小体和 PD-1/PD-L1 之间的相互作用对癌症的发展和治疗具有深远而复杂的影响。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了癌症中炎症小体和 PD-1/PD-L1 之间的串扰，探讨它们对肿瘤发生、转移和 ICI 耐药的影响。针对炎症体和检查点分子的联合治疗策略作为癌症治疗具有广阔的前景。