It is now well understood that many signaling pathways are vital in carrying out and controlling essential pro-survival and pro-growth cellular functions. The NOTCH signaling pathway, a highly conserved evolutionary signaling pathway, has been thoroughly studied since the discovery of NOTCH phenotypes about 100 years ago in Drosophila melanogaster. Abnormal NOTCH signaling has been linked to the pathophysiology of several diseases, notably cancer. In tumorigenesis, NOTCH plays the role of a "double-edged sword," that is, it may act as an oncogene or as a tumor suppressor gene depending on the nature of the context. However, its involvement in several cancers and inhibition of the same provides targeted therapy for the management of cancer. The use of gamma (γ)-secretase inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies for cancer treatment involved NOTCH receptors inhibition, leading to the possibility of a targeted approach for cancer treatment. Likewise, several natural compounds, including curcumin, resveratrol, diallyl sulfide, and genistein, also play a dynamic role in the management of cancer by inhibition of NOTCH receptors. This review outlines the functions and structure of NOTCH receptors and their associated ligands with the mechanism of the signaling pathway. In addition, it also emphasizes the role of NOTCH-targeted nanomedicine in various cancer treatment strategies.

中文翻译：

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NOTCH 信号通路：发生、机制和用于癌症治疗的 NOTCH 导向疗法。

现在众所周知，许多信号传导途径对于执行和控制重要的促生存和促生长细胞功能至关重要。NOTCH信号通路是一种高度保守的进化信号通路，自从大约100年前在果蝇中发现NOTCH表型以来，人们对NOTCH信号通路进行了深入的研究。异常的 NOTCH 信号传导与多种疾病的病理生理学有关，尤其是癌症。在肿瘤发生过程中，NOTCH扮演着“双刃剑”的角色，即根据具体情况，它可能充当癌基因或抑癌基因。然而，它参与多种癌症并对其进行抑制，为癌症的治疗提供了靶向治疗。使用γ (γ)-分泌酶抑制剂和单克隆抗体治疗癌症涉及NOTCH受体抑制，从而使癌症治疗的靶向方法成为可能。同样，姜黄素、白藜芦醇、二烯丙基硫醚和染料木黄酮等多种天然化合物也通过抑制 NOTCH 受体在癌症治疗中发挥着动态作用。本综述概述了NOTCH受体及其相关配体的功能和结构以及信号通路的机制。此外，还强调了NOTCH靶向纳米药物在各种癌症治疗策略中的作用。