In order to study the mesoscopic mechanism of manual tamping operation on ballast bed, a simulation method for manual tamping of ballast bed was proposed, and a 3D coupling model of manual tamping machine-ballasted track was established using the bi-directional coupling simulation theory, discrete element modeling, and multi-body dynamics. The correctness of the model was verified through field tests. The influence of the operation process on the ballast movement and the change in ballast bed energy were analyzed. The results show that the inserting and vibrating stages of the manual tamping operation have a significant impact on the ballast bed. The particle translational distribution area is in the shape of a semicircular arc, showing that an impact depth is about 2/3 of the height from the bottom of sleeper. The depth of rotation influence is below the sleeper up to half of its height. The retracting stage has less disturbance to the ballast bed, which is beneficial for its stability after the completion of operation. Under the vibration and impact of tamping pick, the ballast undergoes motion mainly in the form of translation and secondary movements in the form of rotation, resulting in filling the gap under the sleeper. The process of manual tamping operation causes variation in the ballast bed energy levels. The particle potential energy, a significant increase of 12.8% after the operation, mainly affects the upper area of the sleeper bottom.

为了研究道碴道床人工捣固作业的细观机理，提出了道碴道床人工捣固仿真方法，并利用双向耦合仿真理论建立了人工捣固机-道碴轨道三维耦合模型。离散元建模和多体动力学。通过现场试验验证了模型的正确性。分析了作业​​过程对道床运动和道床能量变化的影响。结果表明，人工捣固作业的插入阶段和振动阶段对道床有显着影响。颗粒平移分布区域呈半圆弧状，表明撞击深度约为枕木底部高度的2/3。旋转影响的深度位于轨枕下方至其高度的一半。收放阶段对道床的扰动较小，有利于作业完成后的稳定性。在捣固镐的振动和冲击下，道碴主要作平移运动，次要作旋转运动，从而填充枕木下方的间隙。手动捣固操作过程会导致道碴床能量水平的变化。粒子势能术后显着增加12.8%，主要影响枕木底部上部区域。