Mediterranean mountains and Pleistocene glacial cycles are responsible for much of the unique biodiversity of the Western Palearctic, acting respectively as refugia and drivers of diversification. Mount Olympus, a legendary Greek landmark, is a perfect example. This massif provided a glacial refugium for many species, resulting in a unique biota. In the present contribution, a new euscorpiid scorpion with a distinctive morphology, Euscorpius olympus, sp. nov., is described from an isolated population in the foothills of Mount Olympus. This new species raises the number of species in the genus Euscorpius Thorell, 1876, to 74, in Greece to 32, and in the vicinity of Mount Olympus, to three. The roles of climatic oscillations, altitudinal gradients and habitat heterogeneity on the diversity and distributions of the three species occurring around Mount Olympus are briefly discussed.

中文翻译：

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冰川遗迹？来自希腊奥林匹斯山的新蝎子（Euscorpiidae：Euscorpius）

地中海山脉和更新世冰川循环造就了古北极西部大部分独特的生物多样性，分别充当了保护区和多样化的驱动力。希腊传奇地标奥林匹斯山就是一个完美的例子。这个山体为许多物种提供了冰川避难所，形成了独特的生物群。在目前的贡献中，一种具有独特形态的新真蝎科蝎子，Euscorpius olympus，sp。11月，是对奥林匹斯山山麓的一个孤立种群的描述。1876年，这个新物种使Euscorpius Thorell属的物种数量增加到74个，希腊的物种数量增加到32个，奥林匹斯山附近的物种数量增加到3个。简要讨论了气候波动、海拔梯度和生境异质性对奥林匹斯山周围三个物种的多样性和分布的作用。