Background. Diarrheal illness is the second-most common cause of death in under-five children. Worldwide, it results in about 1.7 billion illnesses and 525,000 deaths among under-five children annually. It is the leading cause of malnutrition among under-five children. Different people use medicinal plants to treat diarrhea. The present study aimed to review the medicinal plants used to treat diarrhea by the people in the Amhara region and to diagnose whether the antidiarrheal activities of the medicinal plants have been confirmed by studies using animal models. Methods. The author searched 21 articles from worldwide databases up to December 2022 using Boolean operators (“AND” and “OR”) and the terms “ethnobotanical studies,” “ethnobiology,” “traditional medicine,” “ethnobotanical knowledge,” and “Amhara region.” Results. From the 21 studies reviewed, 50 plant species grouped into 28 families were reported to treat diarrhea by the people in the Amhara region. The top most used families were Lamiaceae (12%), Fabaceae (8%), Asteraceae, Cucurbitaceae, Euphorbiaceae, and Poaceae (6% each). The modes of administration of the plant parts were orally 98.88% and topically 1.12%. The different extracts of 18 (or 36%) of the medicinal plants traditionally used to treat diarrhea by the people in the Amhara region have been proven experimentally in animal models. Conclusions. The people in the Amhara region use different medicinal plants to treat diarrhea. Most of them take the medicinal plants orally. The traditional claim that 60% of medicinal plants are antidiarrheal has been confirmed in in vitro studies.

中文翻译：

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埃塞俄比亚阿姆哈拉地区人民传统上用于治疗腹泻的药用植物的回顾

背景。腹泻病是五岁以下儿童第二大常见死因。在全球范围内，它每年导致约 17 亿例 5 岁以下儿童患病和 525,000 例死亡。它是五岁以下儿童营养不良的主要原因。不同的人使用药用植物来治疗腹泻。本研究旨在回顾阿姆哈拉地区人们用于治疗腹泻的药用植物，并诊断药用植物的止泻活性是否已通过动物模型研究得到证实。方法。作者使用布尔运算符（“AND”和“OR”）以及术语“民族植物学研究”、“民族生物学”、“传统医学”、“民族植物学知识”和“阿姆哈拉地区”从全球数据库中检索了截至 2022 年 12 月的 21 篇文章”。结果。从审查的 21 项研究中发现，28 个科的 50 种植物据报道可以治疗阿姆哈拉地区人民的腹泻。最常用的科是唇形科(12%)、豆科(8%)、菊科、葫芦科、大戟科和禾本科(各 6%)。植物部分的给药方式为口服98.88%和局部1.12%。阿姆哈拉地区人们传统上用于治疗腹泻的 18 种（或 36%）药用植物的不同提取物已在动物模型中得到实验证明。结论。阿姆哈拉地区的人们使用不同的药用植物来治疗腹泻。他们中的大多数人口服药用植物。60% 的药用植物具有止泻作用的传统说法已在体外研究中得到证实。