OBJECTIVES Nrf2/ BACH1/ HO-1 proteins have been implicated in the development and progression of tumors. However, their clinical relevance in breast cancer remains unclear and understudied. This study evaluated Nrf2/ BACH1/ HO-1 protein expression and its relationship with age, tumor grade, tumor stage and TNM, ER, PR, HER2 and histologic type. METHODS 114 female breast cancer and 30 non-cancerous tissues were evaluated for Nrf2/ BACH1/ HO-1 protein expression using immunohistochemistry and Western blot. The relationships between the expression and clinicopathologic factors were assessed using the Chi-square test. RESULTS 74% of the cancerous samples had high Nrf2 protein expression and 26% of them had low Nrf2 protein expression. Regarding the non-cancer samples 43% had high Nrf2 protein expression and 57% had low Nrf2 protein expression (p < 0.002). 39% of the cancerous samples had high BACH1 protein expression and 61% had low BACH1 protein expression. For the non-cancer samples 80% had high BACH1 protein expression and 20% had low BACH1 protein expression (p < 0.031). 67% of the cancerous samples had high HO-1 protein expression and 33% had low HO-1 protein expression. However, for the non-cancer samples 17% of them had high HO-1 protein expression and 83% had low HO-1 protein expression (p < 0.001). The expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 significantly correlated with tumor grade whilst BACH1 was significantly associated with tumor stage (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Nrf2, BACH1 and HO-1 could be explored as a biomarker for cancer stage, progression, and prognosis.

中文翻译：

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Nrf2/BACH1/HO-1 蛋白表达在乳腺癌发展中的预后价值。

目标 Nrf2/BACH1/HO-1 蛋白与肿瘤的发生和进展有关。然而，它们与乳腺癌的临床相关性仍不清楚且尚未得到充分研究。本研究评估了 Nrf2/ BACH1/ HO-1 蛋白表达及其与年龄、肿瘤分级、肿瘤分期以及 TNM、ER、PR、HER2 和组织学类型的关系。方法 采用免疫组织化学和蛋白质印迹法评估 114 例女性乳腺癌和 30 例非癌组织中 Nrf2/BACH1/HO-1 蛋白的表达。使用卡方检验评估表达与临床病理因素之间的关系。结果 74%的癌症样本具有高Nrf2蛋白表达，其中26%具有低Nrf2蛋白表达。对于非癌症样本，43% 的 Nrf2 蛋白表达较高，57% 的 Nrf2 蛋白表达较低 (p < 0.002)。39% 的癌症样本具有高 BACH1 蛋白表达，61% 具有低 BACH1 蛋白表达。对于非癌症样本，80% 的 BACH1 蛋白表达较高，20% 的 BACH1 蛋白表达较低 (p < 0.031)。67%的癌症样本具有高HO-1蛋白表达，33%具有低HO-1蛋白表达。然而，对于非癌症样本，其中 17% 具有高 HO-1 蛋白表达，83% 具有低 HO-1 蛋白表达 (p < 0.001)。Nrf2 和 HO-1 的表达与肿瘤分级显着相关，而 BACH1 的表达与肿瘤分期显着相关 (p < 0.05)。结论 Nrf2、BACH1 和 HO-1 可作为癌症分期、进展和预后的生物标志物。