PURPOSE To assess the regional epidemiological trends of kidney diseases over time in the South China using renal biopsy-proven cases. METHODS This retrospective observational cohort study was conducted at the Institute of Nephrology, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, and encompasses all patients diagnosed with kidney disease via biopsy from 2012 to 2021. RESULTS The study sample consisted of 10 199 native kidneys, with a male-to-female ratio of 0.91:1 and an average age of 38.74 (±14.53) years. Primary glomerular nephropathy, systemic glomerular nephropathy (SGN), tubulointerstitial disease, and hereditary renal diseases accounted for 66.92 (6825)%, 24.49 (2498)%, 8.06 (822)%, and 0.53 (54)%, respectively. The leading pathologies of primary glomerular nephropathy remained the IgA nephropathy. The frequencies of IgA nephropathy and membranous nephropathy increased significantly, whereas the frequencies of minimal change disease and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis decreased (P < .001) between 2017 and 2021 than in the years 2012 and 2016. An earlier onset of membranous nephropathy was observed in the age group of 45-59 years compared to previous studies. The leading pathologies of SGN were found to be lupus nephritis (758 cases, 30.45%) and hypertension nephropathy (527 cases, 21.17%). The frequencies of hypertension nephropathy and diabetic nephropathy increased between 2017 and 2021 compared to 2012 and 2016 (P < .001), gradually becoming the leading pathological types of SGN. In elderly patients diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome, the frequencies of amyloidosis significantly increased (P < .01). CONCLUSION Our study may provide insights for kidney disease prevention and public health strategies.

中文翻译：

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十年内活检证实的肾脏疾病谱的变化：基于华南地区10 199例病例的分析

目的 利用肾活检证实的病例评估华南地区肾脏疾病随时间变化的区域流行病学趋势。方法 回顾性观察队列研究在中南大学湘雅二医院肾脏病研究所开展，纳入2012年至2021年所有经活检诊断为肾脏疾病的患者。 结果 研究样本包括10 199个自体肾脏，其中男女比例为0.91：1，平均年龄为38.74（±14.53）岁。原发性肾小球肾病、系统性肾小球肾病（SGN）、肾小管间质性疾病、遗传性肾病分别占66.92（6825）%、24.49（2498）%、8.06（822）%、0.53（54）%。原发性肾小球肾病的主要病理学仍然是 IgA 肾病。2017 年至 2021 年，IgA 肾病和膜性肾病的发生率显着增加，而微小病变和局灶节段性肾小球硬化的发生率较 2012 年和 2016 年下降（P < .001）。与之前的研究相比，45-59岁的年龄组。SGN的主要病理类型是狼疮性肾炎（758例，30.45%）和高血压肾病（527例，21.17%）。与2012年和2016年相比，2017年和2021年高血压肾病和糖尿病肾病的发病率有所增加（P < .001），逐渐成为SGN的主要病理类型。在诊断为肾病综合征的老年患者中，淀粉样变性的频率显着增加（P < .01）。结论我们的研究可能为肾脏疾病预防和公共卫生策略提供见解。