Objectives

Our focus within this review is to summarize key advances and new therapeutic approaches within advanced triple-negative breast cancer. In addition, we highlight the importance of multidisciplinary management, discussing key issues for patients and importance of the supportive role that specialist nurses provide.

Data Sources

Peer-reviewed literature, clinical practice guidelines, clinical trial, and government websites.

Conclusion

Triple-negative breast cancer is a highly heterogeneous subtype of breast cancer, often associated with a less favorable prognosis compared to other types. Significant advances in our understanding of specific mutations and signaling pathways within this subtype, coupled with expanding therapeutic options, has broadened the treatment landscape considerably. While chemotherapy traditionally formed the mainstay of treatment, new therapeutics such as immunotherapy, targeted agents, and antibody-drug conjugates in first-line and subsequent-line settings are now available. It is essential for all those who care for this patient group to be up-to-date on current practice and emerging treatments, so patients receive the support they need and deserve.

Implications for Nursing Practice

Nurses need to become familiar with new systemic anticancer therapies within advanced triple-negative breast cancer to provide patients with adequate information about new treatment options and support with potential treatment-associated toxicities. It is important for nurses to be able to recognise key issues facing patients with a diagnosis of advanced triple-negative breast cancer, to gain a deeper understanding of both the physical and psychosocial support required, signposting or referring patients to additional support services if needed.

中文翻译：

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晚期三阴性乳腺癌

目标

我们本次综述的重点是总结晚期三阴性乳腺癌的关键进展和新的治疗方法。此外，我们强调多学科管理的重要性，讨论患者的关键问题以及专科护士提供支持作用的重要性。

数据源

同行评审文献、临床实践指南、临床试验和政府网站。

结论

三阴性乳腺癌是乳腺癌的一种高度异质性亚型，与其他类型相比，通常预后较差。我们对该亚型内特定突变和信号通路的理解取得了重大进展，再加上治疗选择的不断扩大，大大拓宽了治疗领域。虽然化疗传统上是治疗的支柱，但现在可以在一线和后续环境中使用免疫疗法、靶向药物和抗体药物偶联物等新疗法。对于所有照顾该患者群体的人来说，了解当前实践和新兴治疗方法的最新信息至关重要，以便患者获得他们需要和应得的支持。

对护理实践的影响

护士需要熟悉晚期三阴性乳腺癌中新的全身抗癌疗法，以便为患者提供有关新治疗方案的充分信息，并支持潜在的治疗相关毒性。对于护士来说，重要的是能够认识到诊断为晚期三阴性乳腺癌的患者面临的关键问题，更深入地了解所需的身体和社会心理支持，并在需要时为患者指明或转介至其他支持服务。