Acute pancreatitis (AP) is one of the most common acute abdominal conditions, and its incidence has been increasing for years. Approximately 15-20% of patients develop severe AP (SAP), which is complicated by critical inflammatory injury and intestinal dysfunction. AP-associated inflammation can lead to the gut barrier and function damage, causing dysbacteriosis and facilitating intestinal microbiota migration. Pancreatic exocrine deficiency and decreased levels of antimicrobial peptides in AP can also lead to abnormal growth of intestinal bacteria. Meanwhile, intestinal microbiota migration influences the pancreatic microenvironment and affects the severity of AP, which, in turn, exacerbates the systemic inflammatory response. Thus, the interaction between the gut microbiota (GM) and the inflammatory response may be a key pathogenic feature of SAP. Treating either of these factors or breaking their interaction may offer some benefits for SAP treatment. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of interaction of the GM and inflammation in AP and factors that can deteriorate or even cure both, including some traditional Chinese medicine treatments, to provide new methods for studying AP pathogenesis and developing therapies.

中文翻译：

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肠道微生物群与急性胰腺炎的炎症反应相互作用。

急性胰腺炎（AP）是最常见的急腹症之一，其发病率多年来一直在增加。大约 15-20% 的患者会出现严重的 AP (SAP)，并伴有严重的炎症损伤和肠道功能障碍。AP 相关炎症可导致肠道屏障和功能损伤，导致菌群失调并促进肠道微生物群迁移。胰腺外分泌缺陷和AP中抗菌肽水平降低也会导致肠道细菌异常生长。同时，肠道菌群迁移影响胰腺微环境，影响AP的严重程度，进而加剧全身炎症反应。因此，肠道微生物群 (GM) 与炎症反应之间的相互作用可能是 SAP 的关键致病特征。治疗这些因素中的任何一个或打破它们的相互作用可能会给 SAP 治疗带来一些好处。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了GM与AP炎症相互作用的机制以及可以恶化甚至治愈两者的因素，包括一些中药治疗，为研究AP发病机制和开发治疗方法提供新方法。