INTRODUCTION Electromotive drug administration (EMDA) amplifies drug delivery deep into targeted tissues. We tested, for the first time, the ability of EMDA to deliver methylene blue into the urothelium of the renal pelvis. MATERIALS AND METHODS In an anesthetized female pig, both proximal ureters were transected two inches distal to the ureteropelvic junction. An 8Fr dual lumen catheter and a 5Fr fenestrated catheter with an indwelling silver wire were inserted into both renal pelvises following which methylene blue (0.1%) was infused at a rate of 5 ml/min for 20 minutes. In one pelvis, a 4mA positive pulsed electrical current was applied to the silver wire. RESULTS In contrast to the control pelvis, the EMDA side macroscopically exhibited dense homogeneous staining; microscopy revealed penetration of methylene blue into the urothelium/lamina propria. CONCLUSION In the porcine renal pelvis, application of EMDA increased the penetration of a charged molecule into the urothelium/lamina propria.

中文翻译：

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猪肾盂电动药物管理局 (EMDA)：第一份报告。

简介 电动给药 (EMDA) 可增强药物输送至目标组织深处。我们首次测试了 EMDA 将亚甲蓝输送到肾盂尿路上皮的能力。材料和方法 在麻醉的雌性猪中，在距离肾盂输尿管连接处远端两英寸处横切两个近端输尿管。将 8Fr 双腔导管和带有留置银丝的 5Fr 有窗导管插入双侧肾盂，然后以 5 ml/min 的速度输注亚甲蓝 (0.1%) 20 分钟。在一个骨盆中，将 4mA 正脉冲电流施加到银线上。结果 与对照骨盆相比，EMDA 侧宏观上表现出致密均匀的染色；显微镜检查显示亚甲蓝渗透到尿路上皮/固有层中。结论 在猪肾盂中，EMDA 的应用增加了带电分子对尿路上皮/固有层的渗透。