Abstract

The ecological–phytocenotic characteristic of the Halocnemum strobilaceum (Pall.) Bieb. grasslands is given on the basis of observation data obtained by the authors in 2020–2021 on the Ustyurt Plateau in Karakalpakstan (Uzbekistan). The biotopes, the total projective cover, the species composition, the yield of pasture varieties, and the change in the eaten phytomass during the growing season are characterized, and the seasonality of pasture use is recommended. The Halocnemum strobilaceum type of grassland is located in the Barsakel’mes, Sarykamysh, and Churuk regions of the Karakalpakstan Ustyurt and occupies 76 492 ha. This type of pasture consists of three varieties: Halocnеmum strobilaceum, Halocnеmum strobilaceum–Kalidium capsicum, and Halocnеmum strobilaceum–Haloxylon ammodendron as wet and puff solonchaks with highly mineralized groundwater very close to the surface, as well as to loamy and sandy loamy solonchakous soils. The plant cover is thin and predominated by shrubs and semi-shrubs, its species composition is poor, and the communities are monodominant and are assigned to the Halocnemum pasture variety. This is explained by the high salt content in the soil, which can be tolerated by a limited number of species. The seasonal yield of the forage mass ranges from 90 to 430 kg/ha. The eaten mass becomes reaches its maximum on all pasture varieties at the end of the growing season, thus, it is recommended to use pastures in the autumn–winter period.

中文翻译：

---

Halocnemum strobilaceum (Pall.) Bieb 的生态-植物群落特征。卡拉卡尔帕克斯坦乌斯秋尔特高原的草原

摘要

Halocnemum strobilaceum (Pall.) Bieb的生态-植物群落特征。草原面积是根据作者 2020-2021 年在卡拉卡尔帕克斯坦（乌兹别克斯坦）乌斯秋尔特高原获得的观测数据给出的。描述了生境、总投影盖度、物种组成、牧草品种的产量以及生长季节内食用植物量的变化，并推荐了牧草利用的季节性。Halocnemum strobilaceum类型的草原位于卡拉卡尔帕克斯坦乌斯秋尔特的 Barsakel'mes、Sarykamysh 和 Churuk 地区，占地 76 492 公顷。这种类型的牧场由三个品种组成：盐卤、盐卤-辣椒和盐卤-梭梭，它们是潮湿和蓬松的太阳草，高度矿化的地下水非常接近地表，以及壤土和沙质壤土。植被薄弱，以灌木、半灌木为主，物种组成较差，群落单一，以Halocnemum牧草品种为主。这是因为土壤中的盐分含量很高，而只有有限的物种可以忍受。饲料质量的季节性产量范围为 90 至 430 公斤/公顷。所有牧草品种的采食量在生长季节结束时达到最大，因此，建议在秋冬季节使用牧草。