Abstract

The aim of this study is a modern assessment of the agro-climatic resources of the semi-desert and desert landscapes of the North Caucasus. The methods of mathematical statistics used in agroclimatology have been used to analyze the changes in average monthly and annual air temperatures, the growing season, the amount of precipitation, and the hydrothermal coefficient according to the data of five weather stations with a long series of observations. Within the semi-desert and desert landscapes of the North Caucasus, there is an increase in annual air temperature over the period under review by an average of 0.86°С compared to the previous period. The sum of active temperatures increased by 9–11%. The duration of the period increased when passing through 0°C for 17 days, 5°C for 15 days, 10°C for 10 days, and 15°C for 8 days. An increase in precipitation is noted at all meteorological stations except Makhachkala. On average, precipitation increased by 36 mm. The hydrothermal coefficient of Selyaninov varies from 0.5 to 0.7 and is within the limits of natural fluctuation. Modern agro-climatic changes within the semi-desert and desert landscapes of the North Caucasus are characterized by an improvement in the conditions for heat and moisture supply to the territory. These conditions are favorable for the cultivation of melons and all types of grape varieties, with the exception of very late ones.

中文翻译：

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北高加索地区半荒漠和荒漠景观农业气候条件变异性分析

摘要

本研究的目的是对北高加索半沙漠和沙漠景观的农业气候资源进行现代评估。运用农业气候数理统计方法，根据五个气象站的长期观测资料，分析了月平均气温、年平均气温、生长季节、降水量、水热系数的变化。 。在北高加索地区的半沙漠和沙漠地区，本报告所述期间的年气温比上一时期平均升高了 0.86°С。活跃温度总和增加了 9-11%。当经过0°C 17天、5°C 15天、10°C 10天和15°C 8天时，该周期的持续时间增加。除马哈奇卡拉外，所有气象站的降水量均有所增加。平均降水量增加了36毫米。谢利亚尼诺夫水热系数在0.5~0.7之间变化，处于自然波动范围内。北高加索半沙漠和沙漠地区现代农业气候变化的特点是该地区热量和水分供应条件的改善。这些条件有利于甜瓜和所有类型葡萄品种的种植，但晚熟葡萄品种除外。