Enveloped RNA viruses have been causative agents of major pandemic outbreaks in the recent past. Glycans present on these virus surface proteins are critical for multiple processes during the viral infection cycle. Presence of glycans serves as a key determinant of immunogenicity, but intrinsic heterogeneity, dynamics, and evolutionary shifting of glycans in heavily glycosylated enveloped viruses confounds typical structure–function analysis. Glycosylation sites are also conserved across different viral families, which further emphasizes their functional significance. In this review, we summarize findings regarding structure–function correlation of glycans on enveloped RNA virus proteins.

中文翻译：

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表面聚糖在包膜 RNA 病毒感染中的作用：结构视角

有包膜 RNA 病毒是近年来重大流行病爆发的病原体。这些病毒表面蛋白上存在的聚糖对于病毒感染周期中的多个过程至关重要。聚糖的存在是免疫原性的关键决定因素，但高度糖基化的包膜病毒中聚糖的内在异质性、动力学和进化转变混淆了典型的结构功能分析。糖基化位点在不同病毒家族中也是保守的，这进一步强调了它们的功能意义。在这篇综述中，我们总结了有关包膜 RNA 病毒蛋白聚糖的结构-功能相关性的研究结果。