Immune thrombocytopenia is a condition in which the immune system attacks platelets, leading to a low platelet count. CD72 is a co-receptor found on B cells during all developmental stages except those of plasma cells. Activation of CD72 promotes B cell growth and differentiation. We aimed to investigate the expression and role of CD72 in pediatric immune thrombocytopenia, as well as its correlation with disease pathogenesis and activity. The study involved 60 children diagnosed with ITP and 40 healthy controls, who were matched accordingly. All participants underwent a thorough medical history assessment and clinical examination. The RT-PCR method was utilized to determine the level of CD72 expression. CD72 expression level was considerably higher in cases than in controls (P-value < 0.001). Within the cases group, we detected a significant inverse correlation between CD72 expression and platelet count (P-value < 0.03). Also, there was a notable rise in CD72 expression among those experiencing active ITP compared to those in remission. Moreover, autoantibody-positive patients exhibited greater levels of CD72 expression than their autoantibody-negative counterparts did. While there was no discernible association detected between CD72 expression and the duration of the disease. CD72 expression is linked to the pathogenesis of ITP. Also, expression elevation is associated with disease activity. In addition, it is not related to disease chronicity. CD72 can be considered a new approach to the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of pediatric ITP.

中文翻译：

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原发性免疫性血小板减少症患儿CD72基因表达及其与疾病活动度的相关性

免疫性血小板减少症是免疫系统攻击血小板，导致血小板计数低的一种病症。CD72 是在除浆细胞之外的所有发育阶段的 B 细胞上发现的辅助受体。CD72 的激活促进 B 细胞生长和分化。我们的目的是研究CD72在儿童免疫性血小板减少症中的表达和作用，及其与疾病发病机制和活动的相关性。该研究涉及 60 名被诊断患有 ITP 的儿童和 40 名健康对照者，并进行了相应匹配。所有参与者都接受了彻底的病史评估和临床检查。采用RT-PCR方法测定CD72表达水平。病例中的 CD72 表达水平显着高于对照组（P 值 < 0.001）。在病例组中，我们检测到 CD72 表达与血小板计数之间存在显着的负相关（P 值 < 0.03）。此外，与缓解期患者相比，活动性 ITP 患者的 CD72 表达显着升高。此外，自身抗体阳性患者的 CD72 表达水平高于自身抗体阴性患者。虽然 CD72 表达与疾病持续时间之间没有检测到明显的关联。CD72 表达与 ITP 的发病机制有关。此外，表达升高与疾病活动相关。此外，它与疾病的慢性性无关。CD72可以被认为是儿童ITP的诊断、治疗和随访的新方法。