Ordinary coated abrasive belts (OCAs) are characterized by poor height consistency, irregular abrasive grit arrangement, and uncontrollable grit shape. These shortcomings lead to varying material removal rates, unstable surface quality, and shorter lifespans. To enhance the sanding process of wooden materials, a new precision-shaped abrasive belt (PSA) tailored to the attributes and cutting dynamics of wood was studied. In this study, PSAs were prepared using pyramidal structured abrasive grits with desired shape and angles between side-front faces (side-face angle). A sanding test was conducted on medium-density fiberboard (MDF) using OCA, as a control reference, along with PSAs. The sanding performance and service life of the PSAs with five side-face angles were evaluated through the analysis of the MDF removal amount by abrasive belts, surface roughness of MDF samples sanded using abrasive belts, and mass loss and surface morphology of the abrasive belts. The result revealed that PSAs exhibited a higher sanding stability than OCA. Moreover, both removal efficiency and surface quality of MDF depended on the side-face angle of PSA. A reduction in the side-face angle of PSA decreased its contact area with the MDF sample, resulting in an increased cutting depth and higher MDF removal rate with poor surface quality of sanded MDF face. Additionally, the side-face angle played a vital role in dust removal, with a smaller side-face angle being less susceptible to blockage by wood dust. PSA can easily adapt to various machining requirements depending on its grit structure and arrangement. This study provides theoretical support and practical guidance for PSA research and production.

普通涂附砂带（OCA）的特点是高度一致性差、磨粒排列不规则、磨粒形状不可控。这些缺点导致材料去除率变化、表面质量不稳定和寿命缩短。为了增强木质材料的打磨过程，研究了一种针对木材属性和切割动力学定制的新型精密成型砂带（PSA）。在本研究中，PSA 使用具有所需形状和侧面之间的角度（侧面角）的金字塔结构磨料制备。使用 OCA 作为对照参考以及 PSA 对中密度纤维板 (MDF) 进行打磨测试。通过分析砂带对MDF的去除量、砂带砂磨后MDF样品的表面粗糙度以及砂带的质量损失和表面形貌，评价了五个侧面角度PSA的砂磨性能和使用寿命。结果表明，PSA 表现出比 OCA 更高的打磨稳定性。此外，MDF的去除效率和表面质量都取决于PSA的侧面角度。 PSA侧面角度的减小减少了其与MDF样品的接触面积，导致切削深度增加和MDF去除率提高，而砂磨MDF面的表面质量较差。另外，侧面角度对于除尘也起着至关重要的作用，侧面角度较小，不易被木屑堵塞。 PSA 根据其砂粒结构和排列，可以轻松适应各种加工要求。本研究为PSA研究和生产提供理论支持和实践指导。