Traditional dense large-diameter borehole stress load-off techniques reduce the stress levels in the shallow surrounding rock, weaken the bearing capacity of the shallow surrounding rock, and greatly deteriorate the shallow surrounding rock strength and supporting structure, which is not conducive to maintaining the long-term stability of the roadway. Therefore, to address the control problem for the pronounced extrusion deformation in the two sides of a roadway and the overall outward movement of the shallow surrounding rock supported by the sides bolts and anchor cables, as well as to comprehensively consider the on-site construction conditions of the two sides of a test roadway, stress load-off technology for asymmetric hole construction on the two sides of a roadway is proposed. The asymmetric stress load-off technique is a new method; while the shallow surrounding rock of the roadway sides is strongly anchored via a full anchor cable support form, a group of large stress load-off holes near the deep stress peak line of the roadway sides is excavated to relieve pressure and protect the roadway. This technology can transfer the peak stress area of the roadway side deeper into f the surrounding rock without deteriorating the shallow surrounding rock strength and damaging the supporting structure. A numerical simulation analysis of asymmetric stress load-off on the two sides of the roadway was performed, the stress load-off effect evaluation index was established, and the optimal field construction parameters were obtained. The stress load-off parameters obtained from the study are applicable to field engineering practice. Mine pressure data reveal that the test roadway remains intact and stable during the use period when the asymmetric stress load-off technique is adopted.

传统的密集大直径钻孔应力卸荷技术降低了浅层围岩的应力水平，削弱了浅层围岩的承载能力，大大恶化了浅层围岩的强度和支护结构，不利于维持浅层围岩的稳定性。巷道的长期稳定性。因此，要解决巷道两侧明显挤压变形和侧锚杆、锚索支护浅部围岩整体向外移动的控制问题，并综合考虑现场施工条件针对试验巷道两侧，提出巷道两侧非对称成孔施工应力卸荷技术。非对称应力卸荷技术是一种新方法；在采用全锚索支护形式对巷道浅层围岩进行强力锚固的同时，在巷道深部应力峰值线附近开挖一组大型应力卸荷孔，以缓解压力，保护巷道。该技术可以将巷侧峰值应力区域转移到围岩深处，而不降低浅部围岩强度，不破坏支护结构。对巷道两侧非对称应力卸荷进行数值模拟分析，建立应力卸荷效果评价指标，得出最佳现场施工参数。研究获得的应力卸载参数适用于现场工程实践。矿压数据表明，采用非对称应力卸荷技术后，试验巷道在使用期间保持完整、稳定。