Listening to people talk about their trauma experiences involves indirect exposure to trauma (IET) and can trigger emotional distress. Existing studies about the risk factors for post-IET distress have methodological limitations and reported inconsistent results, making their findings difficult to meaningfully synthesise. Also, most of them did not focus explicitly on trauma narratives and did not explore qualitatively the opinions and experiences of professionals who work closely with trauma survivors. The present study involved 36 professionals who worked with trauma survivors and used a qualitative design to investigate: (a) the perceived impact of the survivors' accounts, (b) the factors they deemed as important to be psychologically prepared for trauma accounts, and (c) their strategies for coping with IET. The semi-structured interviews conducted yielded rich data that was analysed thematically and organised in 13 subordinate themes, and 4 master themes. Listening to trauma narratives was thought to lead to emotional distress when it challenges the listener's ‘basic assumptions’ of safety and justice, when the listener has reduced sense of control and operates outside their ‘window of tolerance’, when empathic responses are too strong, and psychological preparedness for trauma-narratives is perceived as insufficient. Recommendations for future research and implications for practice are discussed.

中文翻译：

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倾听其他人的创伤经历：是什么让事情变得困难？什么可以保护专业人士免受相关痛苦？定性调查

听人们谈论他们的创伤经历涉及间接暴露于创伤（IET），可能会引发情绪困扰。现有关于 IET 后困扰危险因素的研究存在方法学局限性，报告的结果不一致，使得他们的研究结果难以有意义地综合。此外，他们中的大多数人并没有明确关注创伤叙述，也没有定性地探讨与创伤幸存者密切合作的专业人士的意见和经验。本研究涉及 36 名与创伤幸存者一起工作的专业人员，并使用定性设计来调查：(a) 幸存者叙述的感知影响，(b) 他们认为为创伤叙述做好心理准备的重要因素，以及 ( c) 他们应对 IET 的策略。进行的半结构化访谈产生了丰富的数据，这些数据按主题进行分析并分为 13 个从属主题和 4 个主主题。人们认为，当听创伤的叙述挑战了听者关于安全和正义的“基本假设”时，当听者降低了控制感并在“容忍之窗”之外行事时，当共情反应过于强烈时，听创伤叙述会导致情绪困扰。对创伤叙述的心理准备被认为是不够的。讨论了对未来研究的建议和对实践的影响。