In recent years, plant-derived bioactive compounds have been developed as antiviral agents. Plants synthesize a variety of compounds, especially peptides, which possess antimicrobial activity. Current studies have shown that some antimicrobial peptides have antiviral activity against a wide range of human DNA and RNA viruses and play an effective role in the treatment of human viral diseases. These peptides act through different mechanisms. They can integrate into the envelope of the target virus or cell membrane of the host, resulting in an unstable membrane. For instance, some peptides prevent the attachment of viral spike proteins to host cells. On the other hand, some peptides may alter the cellular pathways, including DNA replication or protein synthesis, leading to the suppression of viral infection. However, the antiviral activity of peptides can be affected by their chemical and structural properties. In several studies, the properties of antimicrobial (antiviral) peptides were altered by minor modifications, but these changes require tools to predict. Recently, computational approaches have been introduced to analyze the effects of structural modifications on the physicochemical properties, mechanism of action, stability, and activity of peptides. In this mini-review, we will describe the design and function of antiviral peptides derived from plants.

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植物源性抗病毒肽：其设计和功能


近年来，植物源性生物活性化合物已被开发为抗病毒剂。植物合成多种化合物，尤其是具有抗菌活性的肽。目前的研究表明，一些抗菌肽对多种人类DNA和RNA病毒具有抗病毒活性，在人类病毒性疾病的治疗中发挥有效作用。这些肽通过不同的机制发挥作用。它们可以整合到目标病毒的包膜或宿主的细胞膜中，导致膜不稳定。例如，一些肽可以防止病毒刺突蛋白附着到宿主细胞上。另一方面，一些肽可能会改变细胞途径，包括 DNA 复制或蛋白质合成，从而抑制病毒感染。然而，肽的抗病毒活性可能受到其化学和结构特性的影响。在几项研究中，抗菌（抗病毒）肽的特性通过微小的修改而改变，但这些变化需要工具来预测。最近，人们引入计算方法来分析结构修饰对肽的理化性质、作用机制、稳定性和活性的影响。在这篇小综述中，我们将描述源自植物的抗病毒肽的设计和功能。