Psychosocial factors play a significant role in the incidence and prognosis of cardiovascular disease with a rapidly increasing body of knowledge, as acknowledged by their inclusion in the European Society of Cardiology cardiovascular prevention guideline since 2012. Nevertheless, psychosocial risk is not consistently assessed, acknowledged and treated in daily clinical practice. Therefore, adopting a multidimensional approach that encompasses biological, psychological, and social factors is crucial for understanding the dynamic nature of cardiovascular health and disease, delivering patient-centred care, and developing effective interventions to ultimately enhance health and satisfaction with contemporary medicine and care. The current review summarises the state-of-the-art evidence for screening and treating psychological risk factors in coronary heart disease, heart failure, and atrial fibrillation in the context of cardiac rehabilitation, along with accompanying recommendations. The limited adoption of routine screening, despite longstanding recommendations, highlights the importance of prioritising the implementation and expansion of routine screening in primary and secondary prevention. To advance psychosocial treatment, a standardised and personalised approach including comprehensive education, physical exercise, and psychosocial support with a focus on patient-reported outcomes is crucial. Treating heart and mind together has the potential to decrease psychosocial risk while enhancing the prognosis and quality of life, therefore delivering true patient-centred care.

心理社会因素在心血管疾病的发病率和预后中发挥着重要作用，人们对这一问题的认识迅速增加，自 2012 年以来，心理社会因素被纳入欧洲心脏病学会心血管预防指南，这一点得到了承认。然而，心理社会风险并未得到一致的评估、认可和评估。在日常临床实践中进行治疗。因此，采用涵盖生物、心理和社会因素的多维方法对于了解心血管健康和疾病的动态性质、提供以患者为中心的护理以及制定有效的干预措施以最终增强健康和对当代医学和护理的满意度至关重要。当前的综述总结了在心脏康复背景下筛查和治疗冠心病、心力衰竭和心房颤动的心理危险因素的最新证据，以及随附的建议。尽管长期以来提出建议，但常规筛查的采用有限，凸显了在一级和二级预防中优先实施和扩大常规筛查的重要性。为了推进心理社会治疗，标准化和个性化的方法至关重要，包括综合教育、体育锻炼和心理社会支持，重点关注患者报告的结果。同时治疗心脏和精神有可能降低社会心理风险，同时提高预后和生活质量，从而提供真正以患者为中心的护理。