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Thirty-five-year timber harvesting disturbance effects on composition and biomass of tupelo-cypress (Nyssa-Taxodium) forested wetlands, southwest Alabama, USA
Wetlands ( IF 2 ) Pub Date : 2023-11-29 , DOI: 10.1007/s13157-023-01753-9
Cora Every , W. Michael Aust , David R. Carter , T. Adam Coates , Erik B. Schilling

Thirty-five years post-harvest, effects of harvest disturbances upon tree composition and aboveground biomass were evaluated in a water-tupelo (Nyssa aquatica)- baldcypress (Taxodium distichum) bottomland. The forested wetland, along the Tensaw River, is within the Mobile-Tensaw River Delta in southwest Alabama. Nine replications of four disturbances were evaluated: no harvest reference (REF), clearcutting with helicopter removal (HELI), HELI combined with skidder extraction simulation (SKID), and HELI combined with broadcast herbicide application (glyphosate) to sprouts and seedlings for two years (GLYPH). Thirty-five years post-treatment, species, diameter at breast height (DBH; 1.37 m or above swell) and tree height were measured within treatments and converted to aboveground dry weight biomass. Clip plots were installed for herbaceous and woody stems < 1.37 m. Density and biomass results indicate HELI and SKID are on a trajectory to produce species, densities and biomass similar to REF. GLYPH coppice and seedlings were removed, so GLYPH regenerated from seedbanks and flood disseminated seed. GLYPH has transitioned from an herbaceous freshwater marsh to an open woodland/savanna community. GLYPH exemplifies advantages of coppice for rapid tree regeneration and growth on sites with long hydroperiods. This research demonstrates the capacity for long-term recovery of forested wetland ecosystems following harvest where multiple site/stand factors favored recovery. Adequate stocking of flood tolerant species capable of stump sprouting favored survival of original species. Floods provided annual sediment deposits to offset rutting. Compaction was additionally ameliorated by shrink-swell clays. Finally, nearby forests provided seed sources for areas. Collectively, these factors favored rapid recovery from disturbances.



中文翻译:

三十五年的木材采伐干扰对美国阿拉巴马州西南部tupelo-cypress (Nyssa-Taxodium) 森林湿地的组成和生物量的影响

收获后三十五年,在水杉(Nyssa Aquatica) - 秃柏 ( Taxodium distichum ) 洼地评估了收获干扰对树木组成和地上生物量的影响。这片森林湿地位于坦索河沿岸,位于阿拉巴马州西南部的莫比尔-坦索河三角洲内。评估了四种干扰的九次重复:无收获参考(REF)、直升机清除砍伐(HELI)、HELI与集材机提取模拟(SKID)相结合,以及HELI与对豆芽和幼苗喷施除草剂(草甘膦)相结合,为期两年(字形)。处理后 35 年,在处理内测量物种、胸径(DBH;1.37 m 或以上膨胀)和树高,并将其转换为地上干重生物量。针对< 1.37 m 的草本和木本茎设置了修剪样地。密度和生物量结果表明 HELI 和 SKID 正处于生产与 REF 类似的物种、密度和生物量的轨道上。GLYPH 矮林和幼苗被移除,因此 GLYPH 从种子库和洪水传播的种子中再生。GLYPH 已从草本淡水沼泽转变为开放的林地/稀树草原群落。GLYPH 体现了矮林在水周期长的地方快速树木再生和生长的优势。这项研究证明了森林湿地生态系统在收获后长期恢复的能力,其中多个地点/林分因素有利于恢复。充分放养能够发芽的耐洪物种有利于原始物种的生存。洪水每年提供沉积物来抵消车辙。收缩膨胀粘土还进一步改善了压实度。最后,附近的森林为该地区提供了种子来源。总的来说,这些因素有利于从干扰中快速恢复。

更新日期:2023-11-30
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