The increasing public concern over the negative impacts of chemical fertilizers and pesticides on food security and sustainability has led to exploring innovative methods that offer both environmental and agricultural benefits. One such innovative approach is using plant-growth-promoting bioinoculants that involve bacteria, fungi, and algae. These living microorganisms are applied to soil, seeds, or plant surfaces and can enhance plant development by increasing nutrient availability and defense against plant pathogens. However, the application of biofertilizers in the field faced many challenges and required conjunction with innovative delivering approaches. Nanotechnology has gained significant attention in recent years due to its numerous applications in various fields, such as medicine, drug development, catalysis, energy, and materials. Nanoparticles with small sizes and large surface areas (1-100 nm) have numerous potential functions. In sustainable agriculture, the development of nanochemicals has shown promise as agents for plant growth, fertilizers, and pesticides. The use of nanomaterials is being considered as a solution to control plant pests, including insects, fungi, and weeds. In the food industry, nanoparticles are used as antimicrobial agents in food packaging, with silver nanomaterials being particularly interesting. However, many nanoparticles (Ag, Fe, Cu, Si, Al, Zn, ZnO, TiO₂, CeO₂, Al₂O₃, and carbon nanotubes) have been reported to negatively affect plant growth. This review focuses on the effects of nanoparticles on beneficial plant bacteria and their ability to promote plant growth. Implementing novel sustainable strategies in agriculture, biofertilizers, and nanoparticles could be a promising solution to achieve sustainable food production while reducing the negative environmental impacts.

中文翻译：

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揭示生物接种剂和纳米粒子在可持续农业中促进植物生长和粮食安全的潜力

公众越来越关注化肥和农药对粮食安全和可持续发展的负面影响，这促使人们探索能够同时带来环境和农业效益的创新方法。其中一种创新方法是使用涉及细菌、真菌和藻类的促进植物生长的生物接种剂。这些活的微生物被应用于土壤、种子或植物表面，可以通过增加养分可用性和对植物病原体的防御来促进植物发育。然而，生物肥料在田间的应用面临着许多挑战，需要与创新的施用方法相结合。近年来，纳米技术因其在医学、药物开发、催化、能源和材料等各个领域的广泛应用而受到广泛关注。小尺寸和大表面积（1-100 nm）的纳米颗粒具有许多潜在功能。在可持续农业中，纳米化学品的发展已显示出作为植物生长剂、肥料和杀虫剂的前景。纳米材料的使用被认为是控制植物害虫（包括昆虫、真菌和杂草）的解决方案。在食品工业中，纳米颗粒被用作食品包装中的抗菌剂，其中银纳米材料尤其令人感兴趣。然而，据报道许多纳米颗粒（Ag、Fe、Cu、Si、Al、Zn、ZnO、TiO ₂、CeO ₂、Al ₂ O ₃和碳纳米管）会对植物生长产生负面影响。本综述重点关注纳米粒子对有益植物细菌的影响及其促进植物生长的能力。在农业、生物肥料和纳米粒子方面实施新颖的可持续战略可能是实现可持续粮食生产同时减少负面环境影响的一个有前途的解决方案。