Background. Systemic inflammation with elevated inflammatory cytokines is a hallmark in patients with cirrhosis and the main driver of decompensation. There is insufficient data on whether inflammatory cytokine levels differ between hepatic and jugular veins, which may have implications for further immunological studies. Methods. Blood from the hepatic and jugular veins of 40 patients with cirrhosis was collected during hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) measurements. Serum levels of 13 inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, Int-α2, Int-γ, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-17A, IL-18, IL-23, and IL-33) were quantified by cytometric bead array. Results. Cytokine levels of IFN-α2, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-17A, IL-18, IL-23, and IL-33 were significantly elevated in patients with decompensated cirrhosis compared to patients with compensated cirrhosis. When comparing patients with clinically significant portal hypertension (CSPH, HVPG ≥ 10 mmHg) to patients without CSPH, there were significantly enhanced serum levels of IL-6 and IL-18 in the former group. There was no significant difference between cytokine serum levels between blood obtained from the jugular versus hepatic veins. Even in subgroup analyses stratified for an early cirrhosis stage (Child-Pugh (CP) A) or more decompensated stages (CP B/C), cytokine levels were similar. Conclusion. Cytokine levels increase with decompensation and increasing portal hypertension in patients with cirrhosis. There is no relevant difference in cytokine levels between hepatic and jugular blood in patients with cirrhosis.

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肝硬化患者肝静脉和颈静脉炎症细胞因子水平的比较

背景。炎症细胞因子升高的全身炎症是肝硬化患者的标志，也是失代偿的主要驱动因素。关于肝静脉和颈静脉之间炎症细胞因子水平是否存在差异的数据不足，这可能对进一步的免疫学研究有影响。方法。在肝静脉压力梯度 (HVPG) 测量过程中采集了 40 名肝硬化患者的肝静脉和颈静脉血液。13种炎症细胞因子（IL-1β 、 Int- α2、Int- γ、TNF- α、MCP-1、IL-6、IL-8、IL-10、IL-12p70、IL-17A、IL）的血清水平-18、IL-23 和 IL-33）通过细胞计数珠阵列进行定量。结果。患有以下疾病的患者中 IFN- α2、IFN- γ、TNF- α、IL-6、IL-8、IL-10、IL-17A、IL-18、IL-23 和 IL-33 的细胞因子水平显着升高失代偿性肝硬化与代偿期肝硬化患者相比。将有临床意义的门静脉高压症（CSPH、HVPG ≥ 10 mmHg）患者与无 CSPH 的患者进行比较时，前者血清 IL-6 和 IL-18 水平显着升高。从颈静脉和肝静脉获得的血液之间的细胞因子血清水平没有显着差异。即使在早期肝硬化阶段（Child-Pugh (CP) A）或更失代偿阶段（CP B/C）分层的亚组分析中，细胞因子水平也相似。结论。肝硬化患者的细胞因子水平随着失代偿和门脉高压的增加而增加。肝硬化患者肝血和颈血细胞因子水平无相关差异。