Food overconsumption has serious and far-reaching effects on people, including obesity, negative health outcomes, reduced life expectancy, and financial hardship. Attempts to understand the underlying factors that contribute to food overconsumption are undermined by a lack of clarity about the concept of food overconsumption. This study reports the development of a scale to measure the extent to which individuals engage in food overconsumption (FOC). The FOC scale predicts many outcomes associated with excessive eating. The development of the scale, including item generation, scale refinement, and establishment of its reliability are first reported. This is followed by analyses showing that the FOC is distinct from clinical conditions associated with various eating disorders and measured using well-established scales (e.g., power-of-food scale, three-factor eating questionnaire, and Dutch eating behavior questionnaire). Based on multiple studies, additional analysis is reported showing that the FOC scale is a reliable and valid measure that can be used to measure food overconsumption. Implications of these findings are also discussed.

中文翻译：

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食物过度消费：概念及其测量

食物过度消费对人们产生严重而深远的影响，包括肥胖、负面健康结果、预期寿命缩短和经济困难。由于对食物过度消费概念缺乏明确性，试图了解导致食物过度消费的根本因素的努力受到阻碍。这项研究报告了衡量个人食物过度消费（FOC）程度的量表的开发。FOC 量表预测了与过量饮食相关的许多结果。首次报道了量表的发展，包括项目生成、量表细化和信度建立。随后的分析表明，FOC 不同于与各种饮食失调相关的临床状况，并使用完善的量表（例如食物力量量表、三因素饮食问卷和荷兰饮食行为问卷）进行测量。根据多项研究，额外的分析表明 FOC 量表是一种可靠且有效的衡量标准，可用于衡量食物过度消费。还讨论了这些发现的含义。