PURPOSE Side effects is one of the major clinical problems in epilepsy care. We assessed the prevalence of ASM side effects in participants in a large regional multicenter observational study in western Sweden and aimed to identify risk factors and inventory the nature of side effects with different ASM regimes. METHODS Cross-sectional analysis of survey answers and clinical characteristics of 406 adult participants recruited to a regional observational study between December 2020 and March 2023. Half of the participants had been seizure free for one year. Second-generation or newer ASMs were the most common. RESULTS A total of 164 (40 %, 95 %CI: 36-45) patients reported side effects. Patients reporting side effects were younger (median 41 vs 47 years, p = 0.015), had more frequently experienced a seizure in the last year (p = 0.02), and were more often on ASM polytherapy (p < 0.01). ASM polytherapy and age were significant risk factors in regression models, but the explanatory value was low. The most common side effect was tiredness followed by cognitive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Our findings show that side effects are still common in epilepsy care and suggests that unnecessary polypharmacy should be avoided. Apart from number or ASMs, predicting who will experience side effects is difficult and more research on individual vulnerability is needed.

中文翻译：

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瑞典地区多中心研究中患者报告的抗癫痫药物副作用的患病率和性质。

目的 副作用是癫痫治疗中的主要临床问题之一。我们评估了瑞典西部一项大型区域多中心观察研究参与者的 ASM 副作用发生率，旨在确定风险因素并盘点不同 ASM 方案的副作用性质。方法对 2020 年 12 月至 2023 年 3 月期间招募的 406 名成年参与者的调查答案和临床特征进行横断面分析。其中一半参与者一年内没有癫痫发作。第二代或更新的 ASM 是最常见的。结果 共有 164 名患者（40%，95%CI：36-45）报告了副作用。报告副作用的患者较年轻（中位 41 岁与 47 岁，p = 0.015），去年更频繁地经历癫痫发作（p = 0.02），并且更经常接受 ASM 综合疗法（p < 0.01）。ASM 多药治疗和年龄是回归模型中的显着危险因素，但解释价值较低。最常见的副作用是疲劳，其次是认知症状。结论 我们的研究结果表明，副作用在癫痫治疗中仍然很常见，并表明应避免不必要的多药治疗。除了 ASM 的数量之外，预测谁将经历副作用也很困难，需要对个体脆弱性进行更多研究。