Objectives

It has not been established whether vitamin D deficiency is associated with anthropometric state; therefore, this systematic review examined the relationship between serum vitamin D levels with anthropometrics and adiposity across different ages.

Methods

Studies that examined vitamin D deficiency with adiposity measures in different age groups were searched in the PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Google Scholar databases until November 2023. Two investigators independently reviewed titles and abstracts, examined full-text articles, extracted data, and rated the quality in accordance with the Newcastle–Ottawa criteria.

Results

Seventy-two studies, with a total of 59,430 subjects, were included. Of these studies, 27 cross-sectional studies and one longitudinal study (with 25,615 participants) evaluated the possible link between 25(OH)D serum concentrations and anthropometric/adiposity indices in the pediatric population. Forty-two cross-sectional studies and two cohort investigations (with 33,815 participants) investigated the relationship between serum 25(OH)D levels and adiposity measures in adults and/or the elderly population. There is evidence supporting links between vitamin D deficiency and obesity, and revealed an inverse association between vitamin D and adiposity indicators, specifically in female subjects. However, the effects of several confounding factors should also be considered.

Conclusion

Most published studies, most of which were cross-sectional, reported a negative association between vitamin D and female adiposity indicators. Therefore, serum vitamin D levels should be monitored in overweight/obese individuals.

中文翻译：

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所有年龄段维生素 D 水平与人体测量和肥胖指标的关联：流行病学研究的系统回顾

目标

目前尚未确定维生素 D 缺乏是否与人体测量状态有关；因此，本系统综述研究了不同年龄段血清维生素 D 水平与人体测量学和肥胖之间的关系。

方法

截至 2023 年 11 月，在 PubMed、Scopus、Embase 和 Google Scholar 数据库中检索了检查不同年龄组维生素 D 缺乏症和肥胖程度的研究。两名研究人员独立审阅标题和摘要、检查全文文章、提取数据并进行评分质量符合纽卡斯尔-渥太华标准。

结果

纳入了 72 项研究，总共 59,430 名受试者。在这些研究中，27 项横断面研究和一项纵向研究（涉及 25,615 名受试者）评估了儿科人群中 25(OH)D 血清浓度与人体测量/肥胖指数之间可能存在的联系。42 项横断面研究和两项队列研究（共有 33,815 名参与者）调查了成人和/或老年人群中血清 25(OH)D 水平与肥胖指标之间的关系。有证据支持维生素 D 缺乏与肥胖之间的联系，并揭示维生素 D 与肥胖指标之间呈负相关，特别是在女性受试者中。然而，还应该考虑几个混杂因素的影响。

结论

大多数已发表的研究（其中大部分是横断面研究）报告了维生素 D 与女性肥胖指标之间的负相关关系。因此，应监测超重/肥胖个体的血清维生素 D 水平。