Despite the significant progress in fundamental research in the physics of atmospheric icing or the revolutionary changes in modern materials and coatings achieved due to the recent development of nanotechnology and synthetic chemistry, the problem of reliable protection against atmospheric icing remains a hot topic of surface science. In this paper, we present a brief analysis of the mechanisms of anti-icing behavior that attracted the greatest interest of the scientific community and approaches which realize these mechanisms. We also note the strengths and weaknesses of such approaches and discuss future studies and prospects for the practical application of developed coatings.

尽管大气结冰物理学的基础研究取得了重大进展，或者由于纳米技术和合成化学的最新发展而使现代材料和涂层发生了革命性的变化，但可靠的大气结冰防护问题仍然是表面科学的热门话题。在本文中，我们简要分析了引起科学界最大兴趣的防冰行为机制以及实现这些机制的方法。我们还注意到这些方法的优点和缺点，并讨论了所开发涂层的实际应用的未来研究和前景。