All cells must ensure precise regulation of DNA replication initiation in coordination with growth rate and in response to nutrient availability. According to a long-standing model, DNA replication initiation is tightly coupled to cell mass increase in bacteria. Despite controversies regarding this model, recent studies have provided additional support of this idea. The exact molecular mechanisms linking cell growth with DNA replication under different nutrient conditions remain elusive. However, recent studies in Caulobacter crescentus and Escherichia coli have provided insights into the regulation of DNA replication initiation in response to starvation. These mechanisms include the starvation-dependent regulation of DnaA abundance as well as mechanisms involving the small signaling molecule (p)ppGpp. In this review, we discuss these mechanisms in the context of previous findings. We highlight species-dependent similarities and differences and consider the precise growth conditions, in which the different mechanisms are active.

所有细胞都必须确保 DNA 复制启动的精确调节，与生长速度和营养可用性相协调。根据一个长期存在的模型，DNA 复制的启动与细菌细胞质量的增加紧密相关。尽管关于这个模型存在争议，但最近的研究为这个想法提供了额外的支持。在不同营养条​​件下将细胞生长与 DNA 复制联系起来的确切分子机制仍然难以捉摸。然而，最近对新月柄杆菌和大肠杆菌的研究为了解饥饿反应中 DNA 复制起始的调节提供了见解。这些机制包括 DnaA 丰度的饥饿依赖性调节以及涉及小信号分子 (p)ppGpp 的机制。在这篇综述中，我们在之前的研究结果的背景下讨论了这些机制。我们强调物种依赖性的相似性和差异，并考虑不同机制活跃的精确生长条件。