The profound influence of microbiota in cancer initiation and progression has been under the spotlight for years, leading to numerous researches on cancer microbiome entering clinical evaluation. As promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets, the critical involvement of microbiota in cancer clinical practice has been increasingly appreciated. Here, recent progress in this field is reviewed. We describe the potential of tumor-associated microbiota as effective diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers respectively. In addition, we highlight the relationship between microbiota and the therapeutic efficacy, toxicity, or side effects of commonly utilized treatments for cancer, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy. Given that microbial factors influence the cancer treatment outcome, we further summarize some dominating microbial interventions and discuss the hidden risks of these strategies. This review aims to provide an overview of the application and advancements of microbes in cancer clinical relevance.

中文翻译：

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微生物组在癌症中的新兴临床相关性：有前景的生物标志物和治疗靶点。

微生物群对癌症发生和进展的深远影响多年来一直受到人们的关注，导致大量关于癌症微生物群的研究进入临床评估。作为有前景的生物标志物和治疗靶点，微生物群在癌症临床实践中的重要作用越来越受到重视。在此，回顾一下该领域的最新进展。我们描述了肿瘤相关微生物群分别作为有效诊断和预后生物标志物的潜力。此外，我们强调微生物群与常用癌症治疗方法（包括化疗、放疗和免疫疗法）的疗效、毒性或副作用之间的关系。鉴于微生物因素影响癌症治疗结果，我们进一步总结了一些主要的微生物干预措施，并讨论了这些策略的隐藏风险。本综述旨在概述微生物在癌症临床相关性中的应用和进展。