Moraxella catarrhalis (M. catarrhalis) was an underestimated respiratory infection pathogen that has been largely overlooked. The limited availability of rapid and sensitive detection methodologies has hindered M. catarrhalis diagnostic in clinical settings and contributed to its underestimation. To address this issue, we devised two recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA)-based assays for rapid, sensitive and reliable detection of M. catarrhalis, termed M. catarrhalis-RPA-Flu and M. catarrhalis-RPA-LFB, which utilized fluorescence and nanoparticle-based lateral flow biosensor (LFB) for reporting the detection results, respectively. In both assays, the specific copB gene of M. catarrhalis was amplified at 37°C for only a period of 20 minutes. In M. catarrhalis-RPA-Flu system, the detection results were analyzed by either using a real-time fluorescent detector or by direct observation using the naked eye under blue light, while, in M. catarrhalis-RPA-LFB system, biosensors were used for interpreting the results without any specialized instruments. Both methods were able to finalize the entire detection process within a duration of 40 minutes, detect down to 35 fg genomic DNA per test, and correctly differentiate M. catarrhalis from non-M. catarrhalis strains. The feasibility of both techniques was validated by analyzing 96 BALF (Broncho alveolar lavage fluid) samples in clinical settings. Collectively, the newly developed two RPA-based assays exhibit great potential for rapid and accurate identification of M. catarrhalis in standard microbiology laboratories as well as diagnosis of M. catarrhalis infection in clinical settings.

卡他莫拉菌（M. catarrhalis）是一种被低估的呼吸道感染病原体，在很大程度上被忽视了。快速、灵敏的检测方法的可用性有限，阻碍了临床环境中卡他莫拉氏菌的诊断，并导致其被低估。为了解决这个问题，我们设计了两种基于重组酶聚合酶扩增 (RPA) 的检测方法，用于快速、灵敏且可靠地检测卡他莫拉氏菌，称为卡他莫拉氏菌-RPA-Flu 和卡他莫拉氏菌-RPA-LFB，其利用荧光和基于纳米颗粒的侧流生物传感器（LFB）分别用于报告检测结果。在这两项检测中，卡他莫拉氏菌的特异性copB基因在 37°C 下仅扩增 20 分钟。在卡他莫拉菌-RPA-Flu系统中，通过实时荧光检测器或在蓝光下用肉眼直接观察来分析检测结果，而在卡他莫拉菌-RPA-LFB系统中，生物传感器是通过用于无需任何专门仪器即可解释结果。两种方法都能够在 40 分钟内完成整个检测过程，每次测试检测低至 35 fg 基因组 DNA，并正确区分卡他莫拉菌和非卡他莫拉菌菌株。通过在临床环境中分析 96 个 BALF（支气管肺泡灌洗液）样本，验证了这两种技术的可行性。总的来说，新开发的两种基于 RPA 的检测方法在标准微生物实验室中快速准确地鉴定卡他莫拉氏菌以及在临床环境中诊断卡他莫拉氏菌感染方面表现出巨大的潜力。