This study examined the role that being a ‘representative’ plays in competition behavior of women and men through a laboratory experiment where self-representing and other-representing individuals had to decide whether to enter a mix-gender tournament that involved performing in a male-stereotyped task. While self-representing men and women exhibited very similar performance and competitiveness behaviors, women ‘representatives’ . Controlling for differences in performance, female ‘representatives’ were less likely to enter into competitions than male ‘representatives’ and self-representing women. The leaning back of female ‘representatives’ from competition entry as compared to self-representing women is largely attributed to these women experiencing lower levels of confidence and being less likely to enter a competition when they guessed their performance to be less than the best. Furthermore, compared to male ‘representatives’, female ‘representatives’ were significantly less confident in their abilities, explaining the gender gap in competition entry amongst other-representing individuals.

中文翻译：

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女性代表他人参加比赛时身体向后倾斜

这项研究通过实验室实验检验了“代表”在女性和男性竞争行为中所扮演的角色，其中自我代表和其他代表的个人必须决定是否参加涉及男性表演的混合性别锦标赛。定型任务。虽然自我代表的男性和女性表现出非常相似的表现和竞争行为，但女性“代表”。控制表现差异后，女性“代表”比男性“代表”和自我代表的女性参加竞争的可能性更小。与自我代表的女性相比，女性“代表”在比赛中的退缩很大程度上归因于这些女性的自信心较低，并且当她们猜测自己的表现低于最佳水平时，她们不太可能参加比赛。此外，与男性“代表”相比，女性“代表”对自己的能力明显缺乏信心，这解释了其他代表个人在竞争参与方面存在的性别差距。