How does the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) understand the nature of human rights? The article develops a framework for the analysis of this question and shows how it can be applied. The first part identifies a gap at the intersection of doctrinal and philosophical approaches to human rights practice that leaves the ECtHR’s understanding of the nature of rights unaccounted for. The second part develops an analytic and methodological framework based on the idea of grounds, content and scope of human rights to bridge this disciplinary divide and facilitate a more perspicuous analysis of the Court’s conception of the nature of human rights. The third part tests this framework by examining the Court’s doctrines in relation to freedom of thought, conscience and religion and the right to free elections.

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揭示 ECHR 权利的本质：分析和方法框架

欧洲人权法院（ECtHR）如何理解人权的本质？本文开发了一个分析这个问题的框架，并展示了如何应用它。第一部分指出了人权实践的理论和哲学方法之间的差距，导致欧洲人权法院对权利本质的理解没有得到解释。第二部分根据人权的理由、内容和范围的思想制定了一个分析和方法论框架，以弥合这一学科分歧，并促进对法院关于人权本质的概念进行更清晰的分析。第三部分通过审查法院关于思想、良心和宗教自由以及自由选举权的原则来检验这一框架。