Although many studies have shown that personality-as a relatively stable characteristic-is a predictor of parenting behavior, personality changes occur during adulthood. Therefore, we do not know whether previous findings based on personality assessed (long) after the birth of the child indicate that personality as assessed before the child is born predicts behaviors parents eventually display. Possibly, personality changes are additionally predictive for parenting behavior. With this three-wave longitudinal study, we aimed to examine whether mothers' personality change from pregnancy to postpartum predicts maternal parenting behavior above and beyond personality traits as assessed during pregnancy. A sample of 239 pregnant women participated in the study (Mage = 29.95 years, SD = 4.08, range 20-43; 53% primiparous; 95% of Dutch descent). Women reported their big five personality traits during pregnancy (T1), at six- (T2), and 12 months postpartum (T3). At the postpartum assessments, mothers also reported on their affectionate and hostile parenting behavior. Latent Difference Score models indicated that personality at T1 predicted hostile but not affectionate parenting behavior at T2. Changes in personality from T1 to T2 were associated with maternal hostile and affectionate parenting at T2, whereas changes from T2 to T3 were unrelated to parenting. Personality as assessed during pregnancy may thus be helpful in identifying mothers at risk of early hostile parenting behavior. Identifying predictors of personality change may inform preventive efforts aimed at reducing this risk, as personality changes from pregnancy to 6 months postpartum were more predictive of maternal parenting than initial levels. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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从怀孕到产后 12 个月的母亲性格变化：与养育子女的关联。

尽管许多研究表明，人格作为一种相对稳定的特征，是养育行为的预测因素，但人格的变化会在成年期间发生。因此，我们不知道之前基于孩子出生后（长时间）评估的性格的研究结果是否表明，孩子出生前评估的性格可以预测父母最终表现出的行为。也许，性格的变化也可以预测养育行为。通过这项三波纵向研究，我们的目的是检验母亲从怀孕到产后的性格变化是否可以预测母亲的养育行为，超越怀孕期间评估的性格特征。参与该研究的 239 名孕妇样本（Mage = 29.95 岁，SD = 4.08，范围 20-43；53% 初产；95% 有荷兰血统）。女性在怀孕期间 (T1)、产后 6 个月 (T2) 和产后 12 个月 (T3) 报告了她们的五大人格特征。在产后评估中，母亲们还报告了她们的亲情和敌意养育行为。潜在差异评分模型表明，T1 时的性格可以预测 T2 时的敌对而非深情的养育行为。从T1到T2的性格变化与T2时母亲的敌意和深情养育有关，而从T2到T3的变化与养育无关。因此，在怀孕期间评估的人格可能有助于识别有早期敌对养育行为风险的母亲。确定性格变化的预测因素可能会为旨在降低这种风险的预防措施提供信息，因为从怀孕到产后 6 个月的性格变化比初始水平更能预测母亲养育子女的情况。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2023 APA，保留所有权利）。