Purpose

This study aims to examine the role of hospitableness towards refugees, as embraced by local hosts, in engendering positive social outcomes, including fostering favourable attitudes and empathy towards refugees, satisfaction from hosting refugees in private dwellings and advocacy for hosting them.

Design/methodology/approach

Rooted in the contact theory and drawing on a hospitality social lens framework, the study uses a mixed-methods approach using a sequential quantitative-qualitative design to understand the interface between hospitableness, attitudes and empathy towards refugees, satisfaction from hosting refugees in private dwellings and advocacy for hosting them. A conceptual model is proposed and tested using 160 valid surveys collected from individuals hosting Ukrainian refugees in Slovakia. SEM-PLS is used to test the proposed model. A total of 25 in-depth interviews with Slovakian individuals hosting refugees in private dwellings were also conducted to explain and further explore the initial quantitative results.

Findings

The findings indicate that hospitableness has a positive effect on attitudes towards refugees, fosters a sense of empathy and results in satisfaction from hosting refugees. Interestingly, while hospitableness per se does not directly affect advocacy for hosting refugees, it does so indirectly via favourable attitudes towards refugees and satisfaction from the hosting experience. While qualitative findings largely support and further explain the quantitative results, interesting insights are also obtained.

Practical implications

The study advocates that hospitableness should be addressed through a social lens beyond its traditional commercial boundaries. Several implications for policymakers, NGOs and other stakeholders involved in hosting refugees are proposed. Overall, policies need to be oriented towards harnessing the power of refugee hosting schemes, thus increasing the role of hospitableness in addressing societal challenges such as the refugee crisis.

Originality/value

While not new, private hosting of refugees has recently gained momentum following the outbreak of the Ukrainian refugee crisis. In spite of some valuable research delving into hosting experiences from the refugees’ and hosts’ perspectives, this research stream is notably fragmented and largely exploratory. Specifically, there seems to be no comprehensive understanding of how hospitableness towards refugees, as embraced by hosts, can engender positive social outcomes, including fostering favourable attitudes and empathy towards refugees, satisfaction from hosting refugees and advocacy for hosting refugees in private dwellings. Overall, hospitality research is notably biased towards commercial settings, focusing on instrumental benefits rather than societal outcomes. This study focuses on the societal outcomes of hospitableness as a tool to address the refugee crisis.

中文翻译：

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难民在家：热情好客在培养对难民的亲社会态度和行为方面的作用

目的

本研究旨在探讨当地东道主所接受的对难民的热情好客在产生积极的社会成果方面的作用，包括培养对难民的有利态度和同理心、对在私人住宅中收容难民的满意度以及对收容难民的宣传。

设计/方法论/途径

该研究植根于接触理论并借鉴好客社会视角框架，采用混合方法，采用顺序定量-定性设计来了解对难民的好客、态度和同理心、在私人住宅中接待难民的满意度和倡导接待他们。提出了一个概念模型，并使用从斯洛伐克收容乌克兰难民的个人收集的 160 份有效调查进行测试。SEM-PLS 用于测试所提出的模型。还对私人住宅中收容难民的斯洛伐克个人进行了总共 25 次深度访谈，以解释和进一步探讨初步的定量结果。

发现

研究结果表明，热情好客对对待难民的态度有积极的影响，可以培养同理心，并带来对收容难民的满意度。有趣的是，虽然热情好客本身并不直接影响对收容难民的宣传，但它通过对难民的有利态度和对收容经历的满意度间接影响。虽然定性研究结果在很大程度上支持并进一步解释了定量结果，但也获得了有趣的见解。

实际影响

该研究主张，应通过超越传统商业界限的社会视角来解决好客问题。提出了对政策制定者、非政府组织和其他参与收容难民的利益相关者的若干影响。总体而言，政策需要着眼于利用难民收容计划的力量，从而增强热情好客在应对难民危机等社会挑战中的作用。

原创性/价值

虽然这并不是什么新鲜事，但在乌克兰难民危机爆发后，私人收容难民的势头最近有所增强。尽管有一些有价值的研究从难民和东道主的角度深入研究了收容经历，但这一研究流明显是分散的，而且主要是探索性的。具体而言，似乎没有全面了解东道主所接受的对难民的热情好客如何能够产生积极的社会成果，包括培养对难民的有利态度和同理心、对收容难民的满意度以及倡导在私人住宅中收容难民。总体而言，酒店业研究明显偏向于商业环境，侧重于工具性效益而不是社会成果。本研究的重点是热情好客作为解决难民危机的工具所产生的社会成果。