BACKGROUND Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is an interstitial lung disease (ILD) that results from an immune-mediated reaction involving various antigens in susceptible individuals. However, the clinical characteristics and outcomes of HP in South Korea are not well understood. OBJECTIVES This study was conducted to identify the clinical characteristics and outcomes of HP in South Korea. DESIGN This is a retrospective observational study investigating patients with pathologically confirmed HP at our center, along with a comprehensive review of published HP cases in the Republic of Korea. METHODS This retrospective study analyzed 43 patients with pathologically proven HP at a single tertiary hospital in Korea between 1996 and 2020. In addition, case reports of HP published in Korea were collected. The clinical characteristics, etiologies, treatment, and outcomes of patients from our center, as well as case reports, were reviewed. Patients from our hospital were divided into fibrotic and nonfibrotic subtypes according to the ATS/JRS/ALAT guidelines. RESULTS Among 43 patients with biopsy-proven HP, 12 (27.9%) and 31 (72.1%) patients were classified into the fibrotic and nonfibrotic subtypes, respectively. The fibrotic HP group was older (64.6 ± 8.5 versus 55.2 ± 8.3, p = 0.002) with less frequent complaints of fever (0% versus 45.2%, p = 0.013) compared to the nonfibrotic HP group. The most common inciting antigen was household mold (21, 48.8%), followed by inorganic substances (6, 14.0%). Inciting antigens were not identified in eight (18.6%) patients. Treatment of corticosteroids was initiated in 34 (79.1%) patients. An analysis of 46 patients from Korea by literature review demonstrated that reported cases were relatively younger and drugs were the most common etiology compared to our cohort. CONCLUSION The analysis of reported cases, as well as our cohort, showed that exposure history and clinical manifestations are heterogeneous for patients with HP in South Korea.

中文翻译：

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韩国过敏性肺炎的临床特征和结果。

背景技术过敏性肺炎(HP)是一种间质性肺疾病(ILD)，其由易感个体中涉及各种抗原的免疫介导反应引起。然而，韩国 HP 的临床特征和结果尚不清楚。目的 本研究旨在确定韩国 HP 的临床特征和结果。设计 这是一项回顾性观察研究，调查了我们中心经病理证实的 HP 患者，并对韩国已发表的 HP 病例进行了全面审查。方法本回顾性研究分析了1996年至2020年间韩国一家三级医院收治的43例经病理证实的HP患者。此外，还收集了韩国发表的HP病例报告。对我们中心患者的临床特征、病因、治疗和结果以及病例报告进行了审查。根据ATS/JRS/ALAT指南将我院患者分为纤维化亚型和非纤维化亚型。结果 43 例活检证实为 HP 的患者中，分别有 12 例（27.9%）和 31 例（72.1%）患者被分为纤维化亚型和非纤维化亚型。与非纤维化 HP 组相比，纤维化 HP 组年龄较大（64.6 ± 8.5 对比 55.2 ± 8.3，p = 0.002），且较少出现发烧症状（0% vs 45.2%，p = 0.013）。最常见的刺激抗原是家用霉菌（21 件，48.8%），其次是无机物（6 件，14.0%）。8 名患者（18.6%）未发现刺激抗原。34 名患者 (79.1%) 开始接受皮质类固醇治疗。通过文献回顾对 46 名韩国患者进行的分析表明，与我们的队列相比，报告的病例相对较年轻，药物是最常见的病因。结论 对报告病例以及我们的队列的分析表明，韩国 HP 患者的暴露史和临床表现存在异质性。