More than 1000 species of Salvia genus are reported all over the world, some of which have high pharmaceutical values for use in food-pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. In order to domesticate and breed some endemic Salvia species of Iran, the seeds of 14 species were collected from North, West, Central, and Northeast of Iran, in an altitude ranging from 580 m to 2269 m. To evaluate the diversity of the studied Salvia species without environmental influences, the seeds of the collected species were planted under similar environmental and soil conditions. At flowering stage, the morphological and essential oil content of the grown plants were determined. The assayed species were phenotypically diverse, and there were considerable variations among the species in terms of plant growth and flower characteristics. Furthermore, significant differences were observed among the studied species regarding the quantity of essential oil. The mean essential oil content and yield of different Salvia species were 0.06–1.24% v/w and 0.02–0.19 g per plant, respectively. Among the species, Salvia officinalis and Salvia sclarea showed the highest essential oil content and yield, respectively. Correlation analysis showed a weak relationship between the morphological characteristics and essential oil content. Moreover, the results of Principal Compound Analysis (PCA) based on the assayed traits were partially accordance with the species categorizing by Hierarchical Custer Analysis (HCA). Generally according to the obtained results, Salvia sclarea, Salvia reuterana, Salvia officinalis, and Salvia spinosa can be suggested for further domestication and breeding programs.

全世界已报道的鼠尾草属有1000多种，其中一些具有很高的药用价值，可用于食品药品和化妆品行业。为了驯化和繁育伊朗特有的丹参品种，从伊朗北部、西部、中部和东北部海拔580 m至2 269 m范围内采集了14个品种的种子。为了在不受环境影响的情况下评估所研究的鼠尾草物种的多样性，将收集的鼠尾草物种的种子种植在类似的环境和土壤条件下。在开花期，测定生长植物的形态和精油含量。所检测的物种表型多样，并且物种之间在植物生长和花卉特征方面存在相当大的差异。此外，在所研究的物种之间观察到精油含量存在显着差异。不同丹参品种的平均精油含量和产量分别为每株植物 0.06-1.24% v/w 和 0.02-0.19 g。其中，丹参和鼠尾草的精油含量和产量分别最高。相关分析表明形态特征与精油含量之间关系较弱。此外，基于分析性状的主成分分析（PCA）结果与层次聚类分析（HCA）的物种分类部分一致。一般来说，根据所获得的结果，可以建议鼠尾草、罗伊氏鼠尾草、药用鼠尾草和刺鼠尾草进行进一步的驯化和育种计划。