Ethics in AI has become a debated topic of public and expert discourse in recent years. But what do people who build AI—AI practitioners—have to say about their understanding of AI ethics and the challenges associated with incorporating it into the AI-based systems they develop? Understanding AI practitioners’ views on AI ethics is important as they are the ones closest to the AI systems and can bring about changes and improvements. We conducted a survey aimed at understanding AI practitioners’ awareness of AI ethics and their challenges in incorporating ethics. Based on 100 AI practitioners’ responses, our findings indicate that the majority of AI practitioners had a reasonable familiarity with the concept of AI ethics, primarily due to workplace rules and policies. Privacy protection and security was the ethical principle that the majority of them were aware of. Formal education/training was considered somewhat helpful in preparing practitioners to incorporate AI ethics. The challenges that AI practitioners faced in the development of ethical AI-based systems included (i) general challenges, (ii) technology-related challenges, and (iii) human-related challenges. We also identified areas needing further investigation and provided recommendations to assist AI practitioners and companies in incorporating ethics into AI development.

近年来，人工智能伦理已成为公众和专家讨论的热门话题。但是，构建人工智能的人（人工智能从业者）对于他们对人工智能伦理的理解以及将其纳入他们开发的基于人工智能的系统所面临的挑战有何看法？了解人工智能从业者对人工智能伦理的看法很重要，因为他们是最接近人工智能系统的人，可以带来改变和改进。我们进行了一项调查，旨在了解人工智能从业者对人工智能伦理的认知以及他们在融入伦理方面面临的挑战。根据 100 名人工智能从业者的反馈，我们的研究结果表明，大多数人工智能从业者对人工智能道德概念有一定的熟悉度，这主要是由于工作场所的规则和政策。隐私保护和安全是大多数人都意识到的道德原则。正规教育/培训被认为有助于从业者融入人工智能道德规范。人工智能从业者在开发基于人工智能的道德系统时面临的挑战包括（i）一般挑战，（ii）与技术相关的挑战，以及（iii）与人类相关的挑战。我们还确定了需要进一步调查的领域，并提供建议，以协助人工智能从业者和公司将道德规范纳入人工智能开发。