Multi-Level Inverters (MLIs) are the most promising and significant applications in grid-connected renewable energy systems. This research article proposed a novel 7-level MLI with fewer switches that produce the voltage levels required for photovoltaic (PV) applications using hybrid Harris-Hawks Optimization with the Particle Swarm Optimization (HHO-PSO) algorithm. Modulation techniques play a vital role in MLI filtering output voltage harmonics. The Selective Harmonic Elimination (SHE) modulating methodology has been used in this research. This SHE method eliminates the lower-order harmonics by the hybrid HHO-PSO technique,which generates the optimized switching angles. The proposed MLI topology is developed and validated by comparison with other recent 7-level MLI topologies. The PSO, HHO, and hybrid HHO-PSO algorithms are developed in Matlab using m-file coding, which produces the optimized switching angle. Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) analysis on the inverter outer voltage has been carried out, and the results are briefed. The simulation results show that the suggested HHO-PSO approach can yield superior performance with low total harmonic distortion compared to existing approaches. The experimental results for the proposed MLI provide lower THD (2.82%) and minimum switching losses compared to the conventional PSO and HHO algorithms.

多电平逆变器（MLI）是并网可再生能源系统中最有前途和最重要的应用。本研究文章提出了一种新型 7 级 MLI，其开关较少，可使用混合 Harris-Hawks 优化与粒子群优化 (HHO-PSO) 算法产生光伏 (PV) 应用所需的电压电平。调制技术在 MLI 过滤输出电压谐波方面发挥着至关重要的作用。本研究中使用了选择性谐波消除（SHE）调制方法。该SHE方法通过混合HHO-PSO技术消除低次谐波，产生优化的开关角。所提出的 MLI 拓扑是通过与其他最新的 7 级 MLI 拓扑进行比较来开发和验证的。PSO、HHO 和混合 HHO-PSO 算法是在 Matlab 中使用 m 文件编码开发的，可产生优化的切换角度。对逆变器外电压进行了总谐波失真(THD)分析，并简述了结果。仿真结果表明，与现有方法相比，所建议的 HHO-PSO 方法可以产生优异的性能，且总谐波失真较低。与传统 PSO 和 HHO 算法相比，所提出的 MLI 的实验结果提供了更低的 THD (2.82%) 和最小的开关损耗。