Acute coronary syndromes (ACSs) encompass a spectrum of life-threatening cardiovascular conditions, including unstable angina (UA) and myocardial infarction. While significant progress has been made in the understanding and management of ACS over the years, it has become increasingly evident that sex-based differences play a pivotal role in the pathophysiology, presentation, and outcomes of these conditions. Despite this recognition, the majority of clinical research in the field has historically focused on male populations, leading to a significant knowledge gap in understanding the unique aspects of ACS in women. This review article aims to comprehensively explore and synthesize the current body of literature concerning the sex-specific characteristics of ACS, shedding light on the epidemiology, risk factors, clinical presentation, diagnostic challenges, treatment strategies, and prognosis in women. By elucidating the distinct aspects of ACS in women, this review intends to foster greater awareness and improved clinical management, ultimately contributing to enhanced cardiovascular care for female patients.

中文翻译：

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女性急性冠状动脉综合征：性别特异性特征的叙述回顾。

急性冠脉综合征 (ACS) 涵盖一系列危及生命的心血管疾病，包括不稳定型心绞痛 (UA) 和心肌梗死。尽管多年来对 ACS 的理解和治疗取得了重大进展，但越来越明显的是，基于性别的差异在这些病症的病理生理学、表现和结果中发挥着关键作用。尽管有这样的认识，但该领域的大多数临床研究历来都集中在男性人群，导致在理解女性 ACS 的独特方面存在巨大的知识差距。本文旨在全面探索和综合当前有关 ACS 性别特异性特征的文献，阐明女性的流行病学、危险因素、临床表现、诊断挑战、治疗策略和预后。通过阐明女性 ACS 的独特方面，本综述旨在提高人们的认识并改进临床管理，最终有助于加强对女性患者的心血管护理。