Introduction Chemoradiotherapy with taxanes is well-recognized as a first-line therapy for cutaneous angiosarcoma (CAS), but second-line therapy for CAS is still controversial. Case Presentation In this report, we described a 75-year-old Japanese case of recurrent, tumor mutation burden-high CAS on the scalp treated with pembrolizumab. Our present case survived for 1 year despite of taxane refractory CAS with mediastinal lymph node metastasis, though the administration of anti-PD-1 Abs alone could not fully suppress the tumor progression of CAS. Conclusion Since various factors such as pro-angiogenic molecules are correlated with the tumor progression in CAS, the administration of anti-PD-1 Abs alone could not fully suppress the tumor progression of CAS. Further novel anticancer drugs are needed in the future for the treatment of CAS.

中文翻译：

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用帕博利珠单抗治疗头皮的复发性高肿瘤突变负荷皮肤血管肉瘤。

引言 紫杉烷类放化疗被公认为皮肤血管肉瘤 (CAS) 的一线治疗，但 CAS 的二线治疗仍存在争议。病例介绍 在本报告中，我们描述了一名 75 岁的日本病例，该病例患有复发性、肿瘤突变负荷高的头皮 CAS，接受派姆单抗治疗。尽管紫杉烷难治性 CAS 伴有纵隔淋巴结转移，本例患者仍存活 1 年，但单独使用抗 PD-1 抗体并不能完全抑制 CAS 的肿瘤进展。结论 由于促血管生成分子等多种因素与 CAS 肿瘤进展相关，单独使用抗 PD-1 抗体并不能完全抑制 CAS 肿瘤进展。未来需要更多新型抗癌药物来治疗 CAS。