I focus on an overlooked aspect of the challenge of irrelevant influences. The challenge is often framed in terms of whether recognizing the presence of irrelevant factors in the pedigree of a belief provides a defeater. I argue that the epistemic significance of irrelevant factors goes beyond their status as defeaters. I focus on what I call gray cases, where learning about such factors causes epistemic worry without justifying giving up the belief. I argue that in gray cases, the subject finds a commendatory epistemic practical reason to engage in an activity intended to assuage that epistemic worry.

中文翻译：

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论无关因素的现实意义

我关注的是无关影响的挑战中被忽视的一个方面。挑战通常是围绕认识到信念谱系中不相关因素的存在是否会成为失败者而提出的。我认为，无关因素的认知意义超出了它们作为失败者的地位。我专注于我所说的灰色案例，在这些案例中，了解这些因素会导致认知担忧，但没有理由放弃信念。我认为，在灰色案例中，主体找到了一个值得赞扬的认知实践理由来从事旨在缓解认知担忧的活动。