The recent thrust in research has projected the type II clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and associated protein 9 (CRISPR-Cas9) system as an avant-garde plant genome editing tool. It facilitates the induction of site-specific double-stranded DNA cleavage by the RNA-guided DNA endonuclease (RGEN), Cas9. Elimination, addition, or alteration of sections in DNA sequence besides the creation of a knockout genotype (CRISPRko) is aided by the CRISPR-Cas9 system in its wild form (wtCas9). The inactivation of the nuclease domain generates a dead Cas9 (dCas9), which is capable of targeting genomic DNA without scissoring it. The dCas9 system can be engineered by fusing it with different effectors to facilitate transcriptional activation (CRISPRa) and transcriptional interference (CRISPRi). CRISPR-Cas thus holds tremendous prospects as a genome-manipulating stratagem for a wide gamut of crops. In this article, we present a brief on the fundamentals and the general workflow of the CRISPR-Cas system followed by an overview of the prospects of bioinformatics in propelling CRISPR-Cas research with a special thrust on the available databases and algorithms/web-accessible applications that have aided in increasing the usage and efficiency of editing. The article also provides an update on the current regulatory landscape in different countries on the CRISPR-Cas edited plants to emphasize the far-reaching impact of the genomic editing technology.

最近的研究重点是将 II 型规则间隔短回文重复序列和相关蛋白 9 (CRISPR-Cas9) 系统预测为一种前卫的植物基因组编辑工具。它有助于通过 RNA 引导的 DNA 核酸内切酶 (RGEN) Cas9 诱导位点特异性双链 DNA 切割。除了创建敲除基因型 (CRISPRko) 之外，还可以通过野生形式的 CRISPR-Cas9 系统 (wtCas9) 来消除、添加或改变 DNA 序列中的片段。核酸酶结构域的失活会产生死 Cas9 (dCas9)，它能够靶向基因组 DNA，而无需剪切它。dCas9 系统可以通过将其与不同的效应子融合来设计，以促进转录激活 (CRISPRa) 和转录干扰 (CRISPRi)。因此，CRISPR-Cas 作为多种作物的基因组操纵策略具有巨大的前景。在本文中，我们简要介绍了 CRISPR-Cas 系统的基本原理和一般工作流程，然后概述了生物信息学在推动 CRISPR-Cas 研究方面的前景，特别是可用的数据库和算法/网络可访问的内容有助于提高编辑的使用率和效率的应用程序。文章还提供了不同国家当前对 CRISPR-Cas 编辑植物监管情况的最新情况，以强调基因组编辑技术的深远影响。