Numerous studies have found that the COVID-19 epidemic and the measures to stop it have had a substantial impact on the mental health of the general population. Nevertheless, the majority of this research only looked at the variations in the degree of psychopathological symptoms in individuals before and after the first wave of the pandemic. In a sample of N = 380 preschoolers and their mothers assessed through the Symptom Check-List/90-R and of the Child Behaviour Check-List, the present study aimed at exploring psychopathological risk in mothers and their offspring's dysregulation levels before (T1), during (T2) and after (T3) the peak of COVID-19 pandemic. Our main results showed that mothers' relational distress increased from T1 to T2 and then increased again from T2 to T3. Moreover, maternal aggressiveness, hostility, and anxiety scores significantly decreased from T1 to T2 but slightly increased from T2 to T3. In children, dysregulation levels increased from T1 to T2 but decreased from T2 to T3. Children of mothers with clinical scores at the SCL-90/R showed significantly higher dysregulation problems at T1, T2 and T3 than children of mothers with scores below the clinical threshold. This study adds to previous literature in that it evaluates stability or change in maternal and offspring scores not only in the pre-pandemic period and during the first wave of the pandemic, but it also considers the subsequent months, focusing on a broad range of maternal symptoms, rather than assessing depressive and anxiety symptoms as most of previous research did.

中文翻译：

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COVID-19 大流行高峰之前、期间和之后母亲和学龄前儿童样本的精神病理学风险稳定性和变化

大量研究发现，COVID-19 疫情及其遏制措施对普通人群的心理健康产生了重大影响。尽管如此，这项研究的大部分内容仅关注第一波大流行前后个体精神病理症状程度的变化。在通过症状检查表/90-R 和儿童行为检查表对N = 380 名学龄前儿童及其母亲进行评估的样本中 ，本研究旨在探讨母亲及其后代在（T1）之前的精神病理风险水平，在 COVID-19 大流行高峰期间 (T2) 和之后 (T3)。我们的主要结果表明，母亲的关系困扰从 T1 到 T2 增加，然后从 T2 到 T3 再次增加。此外，母亲的攻击性、敌意和焦虑评分从 T1 到 T2 显着下降，但从 T2 到 T3 略有增加。在儿童中，失调水平从 T1 到 T2 增加，但从 T2 到 T3 降低。临床评分为 SCL-90/R 的母亲的孩子在 T1、T2 和 T3 时表现出的失调问题明显高于评分低于临床阈值的母亲的孩子。这项研究对之前的文献进行了补充，它不仅评估了大流行前时期和第一波大流行期间母亲和后代评分的稳定性或变化，而且还考虑了随后的几个月，重点关注广泛的母亲和后代评分症状，而不是像之前大多数研究那样评估抑郁和焦虑症状。