The Environmental Impact Classification for Alien Taxa (EICAT) is an important tool for biological invasion policy and management and has been adopted as an International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) standard to measure the severity of environmental impacts caused by organisms living outside their native ranges. EICAT has already been incorporated into some national and local decision-making procedures, making it a particularly relevant resource for addressing the impact of non-native species. Recently, some of the underlying conceptual principles of EICAT, particularly those related to the use of the precautionary approach, have been challenged. Although still relatively new, guidelines for the application and interpretation of EICAT will be periodically revisited by the IUCN community, based on scientific evidence, to improve the process. Some of the criticisms recently raised are based on subjectively selected assumptions that cannot be generalized and may harm global efforts to manage biological invasions. EICAT adopts a precautionary principle by considering a species’ impact history elsewhere because some taxa have traits that can make them inherently more harmful. Furthermore, non-native species are often important drivers of biodiversity loss even in the presence of other pressures. Ignoring the precautionary principle when tackling the impacts of non-native species has led to devastating consequences for human well-being, biodiversity, and ecosystems, as well as poor management outcomes, and thus to significant economic costs. EICAT is a relevant tool because it supports prioritization and management of non-native species and meeting and monitoring progress toward the Kunming–Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) Target 6.

中文翻译：

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使用 IUCN 外来类群环境影响分类为决策提供信息

外来分类群环境影响分类 (EICAT) 是生物入侵政策和管理的重要工具，已被采纳为国际自然保护联盟 (IUCN) 标准，用于衡量生活在其本土之外的生物体造成的环境影响的严重程度范围。 EICAT 已被纳入一些国家和地方决策程序，使其成为解决非本地物种影响的特别相关资源。最近，EICAT 的一些基本概念原则，特别是与预防方法的使用相关的原则，受到了挑战。尽管 EICAT 的应用和解释指南仍然相对较新，但 IUCN 社区将根据科学证据定期重新审视 EICAT 的应用和解释指南，以改进流程。最近提出的一些批评是基于主观选择的假设，这些假设不能概括，可能会损害全球管理生物入侵的努力。 EICAT 采用预防原则，考虑物种在其他地方的影响历史，因为某些分类单元具有可能使其本身更具危害性的特征。此外，即使存在其他压力，非本地物种也往往是生物多样性丧失的重要驱动因素。在应对非本地物种的影响时忽视预防原则，会给人类福祉、生物多样性和生态系统带来毁灭性后果，以及管理结果不佳，从而造成巨大的经济成本。 EICAT 是一个相关工具，因为它支持非本地物种的优先排序和管理，以及满足和监测昆明-蒙特利尔全球生物多样性框架 (GBF) 目标 6 的进展。